Answer:  Option D - Trachoma

Explanation:

• The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized India for successfully eliminating trachoma as a public health issue.
• Trachoma is a bacterial eye infection that can lead to blindness, and India's achievement marks it as the third country in the Southeast Asia Region to reach this milestone.
• This success is attributed to effective healthcare initiatives, collaboration among healthcare professionals, and comprehensive efforts in surveillance, diagnosis, and management of the disease.

Answer:  Option A - Carbon dioxide was detected on it

Explanation:

• Recently, Charon, Pluto's largest moon, gained attention after scientists detected carbon dioxide and hydrogen peroxide on its surface using the James Webb Space Telescope.
• This groundbreaking discovery enhances our understanding of the composition and geological processes of icy celestial bodies.
• By studying these findings, researchers hope to gain insights into the formation and evolution of Charon and similar worlds, contributing to a broader understanding of the solar system's history.

Answer:  Option B - The maximum number of satellites launched in a single mission

Explanation:

• The PSLV-C37 mission, launched on February 15, 2017, by ISRO, set a world record by successfully deploying 104 satellites in a single launch.
• This included the primary payload, the Cartosat-2D satellite, along with 103 co-passenger satellites from various countries.
• The mission showcased India’s capabilities in space technology and established PSLV as a reliable launch vehicle in the global satellite deployment market, emphasizing the growing role of India in international space exploration.

Answer:  Option B - Harness and regulate digital technologies for global benefit

Explanation:

• The Global Digital Compact (GDC), adopted at the UN's 'Summit of the Future,' seeks to provide a framework for harnessing and regulating digital technologies for the common good.
• It emphasizes international cooperation to address challenges posed by digital advancements, including issues of governance, equity, and sustainability.
• By fostering collaboration among nations, the GDC aims to ensure that digital innovation benefits all, while mitigating risks associated with misuse and inequality in the digital realm.

Answer:  Option C - Artificial Neural Networks

Explanation:

• John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for their pioneering work in artificial neural networks.
• Their research laid the foundation for the modern advancements in artificial intelligence, enabling machines to learn and mimic human brain functions.
• Hopfield developed neural networks capable of pattern recognition, while Hinton's introduction of deep learning techniques revolutionized AI applications, including image recognition, voice assistants, and self-driving technology.