Indian Judiciary [Indian Polity Notes] Free UPSC Notes Download

The judiciary is one of the three organs of the government of India, along with the legislature and the executive. The judiciary is responsible for the interpretation and application of the laws of the country and for the administration of justice.

In the Indian political system, the judiciary consists of the Supreme Court and other courts.

The Supreme Court is the highest court in the land and has the power to interpret the Constitution and to ensure that the laws of the country are in conformity with it. The Supreme Court also has the power to declare a law or an executive action as unconstitutional.

Here are some steps you can follow to prepare for the judiciary topic for the UPSC Civil Services Exam (CSE):
 Familiarize yourself with the structure of the judiciary:

  You should have a good understanding of the different courts in the judiciary, such as the Supreme Court, the high courts, and the lower courts, and how they are organized.

Understand the powers and functions of the Supreme Court: 

The Supreme Court is the highest court in the land and has the power to interpret the Constitution and to ensure that the laws of the country are in conformity with it. It also has original, appellate, and advisory jurisdictions. It is important to understand these powers and how they are exercised.

Understand the powers and functions of the high courts:

The high courts are the highest courts in the states and have the power to hear appeals from the decisions of the lower courts. It is important to understand the powers and functions of the high courts and how they are exercised.

Learn about the lower courts:

The lower courts consist of the district courts and other courts at the district level, and they are responsible for the administration of justice at the grass-roots level. It is important to understand the structure and function of the lower courts.

 Understand the role of the judiciary in the administration of justice: 

The judiciary is responsible for the interpretation and application of the laws of the country and for the administration of justice. It is important to understand the role of the judiciary in these areas and how it is independent of the other organs of the government.

 Practice answering questions:

To prepare for the exam, it is helpful to practice answering questions on the judiciary. You can find sample questions on the UPSC website or in practice books, and you can also ask your friends or teachers to give you questions to practice with.

Seek help if needed:

If you are having difficulty understanding any aspect of the judiciary, don’t hesitate to seek help from your teachers or mentors. It is important to have a thorough understanding of the judiciary to do well in the UPSC CSE.

The judiciary is an important organ of the government of India and is responsible for the interpretation and application of the laws of the country and for the administration of justice.

The UPSC Civil Services Exam (CSE) tests candidates on their knowledge of the judiciary and its powers and functions, and it is therefore important for candidates to have a good understanding of these aspects.

Here are some key points to know about the judiciary in the context of the UPSC CSE:

Structure of the judiciary: The judiciary in India consists of the Supreme Court and other courts. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the land and has the power to interpret the Constitution and to ensure that the laws of the country are in conformity with it. The high courts are the highest courts in the states and have the power to hear appeals from the decisions of the lower courts. The lower courts consist of the district courts and other courts at the district level, and they are responsible for the administration of justice at the grass-roots level.

Powers and functions of the Supreme Court: The Supreme Court has original, appellate, and advisory jurisdictions. Its original jurisdiction allows it to hear cases of a civil or criminal nature that involve the interpretation of the Constitution or any matter of national or international importance. Its appellate jurisdiction allows it to hear appeals from the decisions of the high courts and other courts. Its advisory jurisdiction allows it to advise the President on any matter referred to it by him.

 Independence of the judiciary: The judiciary is independent of the other organs of the government and is responsible for interpreting the laws and applying them to specific cases. The judges of the Supreme Court and the high courts are appointed by the President on the advice of the Chief Justice of India and other judges. The judges of the lower courts are appointed by the Governor of the state on the advice of the high court.

Role of the judiciary in the administration of justice: The judiciary plays a crucial role in the administration of justice and is responsible for interpreting the laws and applying them to specific cases. It also has the power to review the actions of the other organs of the government and to declare them as unconstitutional if they are found to be in violation of the Constitution.

 Issues and challenges facing the judiciary: The judiciary in India faces several issues and challenges, such as the large number of pending cases, the lack of infrastructure and resources, and the delays in the disposal of cases. There have also been concerns about the appointments of judges and the lack of transparency in the process.

In summary, the judiciary is an important organ of the government of India and plays a crucial role in the administration of justice. It is independent of the other organs of the government and is responsible for interpreting the laws and applying them to specific cases. The UPSC CSE tests candidates on their knowledge of the judiciary and its powers and functions, and it is therefore important for candidates to have a good understanding of these aspects.