Answer:  Option A - President of India

Explanation:

• Article 124 of the Indian Constitution empowers the President of India to appoint the Chief Justice of India.
• This appointment is made based on seniority among the judges of the Supreme Court, ensuring that experienced jurists lead the judiciary.
• The Chief Justice plays a vital role in upholding the Constitution and maintaining judicial independence.
• This provision reflects the system of checks and balances essential to India's democratic framework and the rule of law.

Answer:  Option C - Meteorology and search and rescue

Explanation:

• The INSAT series, developed by ISRO, is a multipurpose satellite system that plays a crucial role in meteorology and search and rescue operations.
• Launched in 1982, it provides essential services for weather forecasting, monitoring atmospheric conditions, and disaster management.
• The satellites also facilitate communication and broadcasting, but their primary focus is on collecting meteorological data to support agricultural planning, disaster response, and environmental monitoring.

Answer:  Option B - Trachoma

Explanation:

• On October 8, 2024, India achieved a significant public health milestone by eliminating trachoma as a health problem, according to the WHO.
• Trachoma, caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, primarily affected children and women in areas with inadequate sanitation and hygiene.
• Its elimination marks a crucial step in reducing preventable blindness, improving quality of life, and alleviating the economic burden associated with visual impairment, previously estimated at $2.9 to $5.3 billion annually.

Answer:  Option A - Alps

Explanation:

• The Alps is a major mountain range in Europe, stretching across several countries, including Germany and Austria.
• This range forms a natural border between the two nations, particularly in the region of Bavaria.
• The Alps are renowned for their stunning landscapes, biodiversity, and ski resorts, attracting tourists year-round.
• They play a crucial role in the climate and hydrology of the region, influencing weather patterns and serving as a source for numerous rivers.

Answer:  Option D - Singapore

Explanation:

• The SIMBEX (Singapore India Maritime Bilateral Exercise) is a significant annual exercise that enhances maritime cooperation between India and Singapore.
• Established in 1994, it focuses on improving interoperability, maritime domain awareness, and addressing common challenges at sea.
• The exercise includes various phases, such as harbor and sea phases, involving advanced naval drills, live weapon firings, and tactical maneuvers.