Answer:  Option D - Birsa Munda

Explanation:

• Birsa Munda, a prominent tribal leader, led the Ulgulan (Munda Rebellion) in the late 19th century against British colonial rule and exploitation by landlords.
• Born in Ulihatu, Jharkhand, he fought for the rights of tribal communities, emphasizing land rights and social justice.
• Revered as "Dharti Aba" (Father of the Earth), Birsa’s legacy includes revitalizing tribal culture and religious practices, making him a symbol of tribal pride and resistance in India’s history.

Answer:  Option B - Solomon Islands, Pacific Ocean

Explanation:

• The world’s largest coral was recently discovered near the Solomon Islands in the Pacific Ocean.
• This massive, 300-year-old coral spans an area larger than two basketball courts and was initially mistaken for a shipwreck.
• Unlike typical coral reefs composed of multiple colonies, this is a solitary structure. Its discovery highlights the resilience of marine life amidst the global coral crisis, offering hope for future conservation efforts and research.

Answer:  Option B - To regulate blood sugar through insulin

Explanation:

• The pancreas serves a dual role in the body: as an endocrine gland, it regulates blood sugar levels by releasing insulin and glucagon; and as an exocrine gland, it secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine.
• Insulin, specifically, helps lower blood sugar levels after meals, while glucagon raises blood sugar when levels drop too low, ensuring the body maintains stable glucose levels for energy.

Answer:  Option C - The State or Central Government, based on security assessments.

Explanation:

• The authority to impose the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) lies with both the central and state governments in India.
• The government, after assessing the security situation and violence in a region, can declare an area as “"
• This allows the imposition of AFSPA, giving security forces special powers to operate freely in such areas, even without the approval of a Magistrate.
• The Governor of the state or the central government holds the power to impose AFSPA.

Answer:  Option A - Transitioning informal jobs to formal sector with legal benefits and security.

Explanation:

• The formalization of the economy involves shifting jobs from the informal sector to the formal sector, where employees are provided with legal protections such as job security, fixed salaries, healthcare, paid leave, and retirement savings.
• This transition helps workers gain access to social security systems, ensuring stability and financial protection, particularly during economic downturns.
• It strengthens the workforce and contributes to broader economic growth and resilience.