Answer:  Option A - Federalism and Center-State relations

Explanation:

• The SR Bommai case (1994) is a landmark judgment that addressed the misuse of Article 356, which allows the imposition of President's Rule in states.
• The Supreme Court ruled that the proclamation of President’s Rule must be based on objective material and be subject to judicial review.
• It reinforced the principles of federalism and the protection of state autonomy within India’s constitutional framework.

Answer:  Option D - Critically Endangered

Explanation:

• The African Penguin has been recently listed as critically endangered by the IUCN, with fewer than 10,000 breeding pairs remaining globally.
• The species faces significant threats, including food shortages, climate change, and pollution, which hinder conservation efforts.
• Despite ongoing rescue operations for injured birds, immediate and robust action is required to prevent their extinction, with estimates suggesting they could disappear by 2035 without enhanced conservation measures.

Answer:  Option A - Buildings designed for maximum operational performance and energy efficiency

Explanation:

• High-performance buildings (HPBs) are designed to optimize energy efficiency, environmental performance, and climate resilience.
• These buildings focus on sustainable construction practices, using advanced technologies and integrative design approaches to reduce energy consumption and conserve resources.
• HPBs are built to withstand unpredictable weather conditions, addressing urbanization challenges and mitigating climate change.
• Their primary goal is to enhance operational efficiency while promoting sustainable living through reduced environmental impact.

Answer:  Option B - Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve

Explanation:

• The Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve, located in Chhattisgarh, has been officially notified as the 56th tiger reserve in India.
• Spanning 2,829.38 sq.kms, it is the third-largest tiger reserve in the country.
• The reserve includes a core area of 2,049.2 sq.kms and is part of a landscape complex connecting to other significant reserves like Sanjay Dubri, Bandhavgarh, and Palamau, contributing to tiger conservation efforts in the region.