Article 170 of Indian Constitution – Composition of the Legislative Assemblies

Article 170 of Indian Constitution Intro: Article 170 of Indian Constitution deals with the composition of Legislative Assemblies in the States. It outlines the structure and defines the number of members to be elected to each State Legislative Assembly, based on the population. The article ensures representation from both rural and urban areas, aiming to…

Article 148 of Indian Constitution: Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG)- Notes for UPSC

Article 148 of Indian Constitution Intro: Article 148 of Indian Constitution establishes the office of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India, a pivotal pillar for upholding the accountability and transparency of government finances. The CAG is tasked with auditing all expenditures and receipts of the Government of India and the states, ensuring that…

Article 124 of Indian Constitution: Establishment and Constitution of Supreme Court

Article 124 of Indian Constitution Original Text: (1) There shall be a Supreme Court of India consisting of a Chief Justice of India and, until Parliament by law prescribes a larger number, of not more than [seven] other Judges. (2) Every Judge of the Supreme Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under…

Article 112 of Indian Constitution: Annual Financial Statement

Article 112 of Indian Constitution Article 112 of Indian Constitution, commonly referred to as the “Annual Financial Statement”, Mandates the government to present a statement of its estimated receipts and expenditures for each financial year to the Parliament. This Constitutional provision ensures fiscal transparency and accountability, obligating the government to delineate the financial allocations for…

Article 110 of Indian Constitution- Definition of Money Bills – Notes for UPSC

Original Text of Article 110 of Indian Constitution: (1) For the purposes of this Chapter, a Bill shall be deemed to be a Money Bill if it contains only provisions Dealing with all or any of the following matters, namely:— the imposition, abolition, remission, alteration or regulation of any tax; the regulation of the borrowing of…

Article 105 of Indian Constitution – Notes for UPSC

Article 105 of Indian Constitution: Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Parliament and of the members and committees Article 105 of Indian constitution delineates the power, privileges, and immunities of the Houses of Parliament and their members. It is a cornerstone for ensuring the independence and efficacy of the legislative process in India. This…

Article 102 of Indian Constitution: Disqualification of Member of Parliament

Article 102 of Indian Constitution Intro: Article 102 of Indian Constitution defines the grounds for disqualification of members of Parliament. It ensures the integrity of the parliamentary system by setting clear criteria such as holding an office of profit under the government, being of unsound mind, undischarged bankruptcy, or allegiance to a foreign state. This…

Article 51a of Indian Constitution- Fundamental Duties

Original Text of Article 51a of Indian Constitution: It shall be the duty of every citizen of India— to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem; to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom; to uphold and protect the…

Article 32 of Indian Constitution: Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part

Article 32 of Indian Constitution Article 32 of Indian Constitution is often referred to as the “heart and soul” of the Constitution, as described by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. This article grants the right to constitutional remedies, which allows individuals to approach the Supreme court directly in case of any violation of their fundamental rights. It…

Article 21 of Indian Constitution: Protection of life and personal liberty

Original Text of Article 21 of Indian Constitution: Article 21 of Indian Constitution: No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. Explanation of Article 21 of Indian Constitution: Article 21of Indian Consitution – Right to Life deals with the protection of life and personal liberty….