Apabhramsa Apabhramsa, an ancient precursor to the modern Indo-Aryan languages such as Hindi, Gujarati, Marathi, and Rajasthani, stands as a significant historical and cultural phenomenon. This language, flourished between the 6th to 13th centuries, offers a fascinating glimpse into the linguistic and artistic heritage of medieval India. Origins and Evolution of Apabhramsa Derived from the…
Kalinga Architecture | Kalinga Temple Architecture Kalinga architecture, renowned for its distinctive style, represents a significant chapter in the history of Indian temple architecture. Originating in ancient Odisha, it is celebrated for its intricate artistry, sophisticated construction techniques, and the symbolic significance embedded within its structures. Kalinga temple architecture, with its iconic Jagannath Temple in…
Solanki Style Temple Origin: It originated in the Rajasthan region around the 6th century CE. The name comes from the ancient names of Rajasthan (Marudesh) and Gujarat (Gurjaratra). It consists of two styles: Maha-Maru style – developed around Marudesa, Sapadalaska, Sursena and parts of Uparamala Maru-Gurjara style – developed around Medapata, Gurjaradesa-Arbuda, Gurjaradesa-Anarta and some…
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Panchayatana Style of Temple Architecture The Panchayatana style of temple architecture is a significant and sophisticated design pattern that emerged in ancient India. This architectural style is characterized by a central shrine surrounded by four subsidiary shrines, positioned at the cardinal directions, creating a harmonious and symmetrical arrangement. This layout not only embodies the architectural…
UPSC Santhali Literature Syllabus  ➼ CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD SANTHALI Literature Optional Syllabus Santhali Literature Syllabus PAPER I (Answers must be written in Santhali) Section A Part I—History of Santhali Language Main Austric Language family, population and distribution. Grammatical structure of Santhali Language. Important character of Santhali Language: Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, Semantics, Translation, Lexicography….
UPSC Dogri Literature Optional Syllabus  ➼ CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD DOGRI Literature Optional Syllabus pdf Dogri Literature Optional Syllabus Paper-I {HISTORY OF DOGRI LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE} (Answers must be written in Dogri) Section A: History of Dogri Language Dogri language: Origin and development through different stages. Linguistic boundaries of Dogri and its dialects. Characteristic…
UPSC Bodo Literature Optional Syllabus  ➼ CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD BODO Literature Optional Syllabus UPSC Bodo Literature Optional Syllabus Paper-I {History of Bodo Language and Literature} [Answers must be written in Bodo] Section A History of Bodo Language Homeland, language family, its present status and its mutual contact with Assamese. (a) phonemes : Vowel…
UPSC Urdu Optional Syllabus  ➼ CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD UPSC Urdu Optional Syllabus Pdf UPSC Urdu Optional Syllabus Paper-I (Answer must be written in Urdu) Section A Development of Urdu Language Development of Indo-Aryan (i) Old Indo-Aryan (ii) Middle Indo-Aryan (iii) New Indo-Aryan. Western Hindi and its dialects Brij Bhasha Khadi Boli, Haryanavi, Kannauji,…
UPSC Telugu Literature Syllabus  ➼ CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD UPSC Telugu Literature Optional Syllabus Pdf UPSC Telugu Literature Syllabus Paper-I (Answer must be written in Telugu) Section A : Language Place of Telugu among Dravidian languages and its antiquity—Etymological History of Telugu,Tenugu and Andhra. Major linguistic changes in phonological, morphological, grammatical and syntactical levels,…
UPSC Tamil Optional Syllabus  ➼ CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD UPSC Tamil Optional Syllabus Pdf UPSC Tamil Optional Syllabus Paper-I (Answers must be written in Tamil) Section A Part 1: History of Tamil Language Major Indian Language Families—The place of Tamil among Indian Languages in general and Dravidian in particular—Enumeration and Distribution of Dravidian languages….