Wetland: Definition (Ramsar) Areas of marsh, fen, peatland or water, whether natural or artificial, permanent or temporary, with water that is static or flowing, Fresh, Brackish or salt water, including areas of marine water the depth of which at low tide does not exceed 6m. Types of Wetlands: Coastal Wetlands: found in the areas between land…
Desertification & Land degradation Desertification is the process by which the biological productivity of drylands (arid and semiarid lands) is reduced due to natural or manmade factors. Land degradation: a process in which the value of the biophysical environment is affected by a combination of human-induced processes acting upon the land. Causes of Desertification/Land Degradation: Impacts of Desertification Status…
Bonn Convention Bonn Convention or Convention on Conservation of Migratory Species (CMS), 1979: an intergovernmental treaty, concluded under the aegis of the UNEP The only global and UN–based intergovernmental organization established exclusively for the conservation and management of terrestrial, aquatic and avian migratory species throughout their range. The legal instruments under CMS may range from…
Lions: Asiatic Cheetah (acinonyx jubantus): World’s fastest land mammal =112kmph. Tree-climbing clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa): Snow Leopard (2009): Only 7,500 estimated to be surviving in 2 million sqKm Himalayan & Central Asian mountains. Conservation status: Leopard: Small Cats: Project Tiger Tiger day: 29th July. Indian Tiger or Royal Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris) are critical for…
BIOSPHERE RESERVES: A few Unique and representative ecosystems of terrestrial and coastal areas are internationally recognised within the framework of UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme. The Biosphere Reserve aims at achieving the three objectives as depicted: There are 18 Biosphere Reserves in India of which, four Biosphere Reserves are recognized by the World Network…
The Common Law Admission Test (CLAT) is a national-level entrance exam for admission to undergraduate and postgraduate law programs at prestigious National Law Universities (NLUs) across India. Conducted annually by the Consortium of NLUs, CLAT is the most sought-after examination for law aspirants. History of CLAT The CLAT was introduced in 2008 to streamline the…
The CA Foundation Exam is the entry-level test for students aspiring to become Chartered Accountants (CAs) in India. Conducted by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI), this exam lays the groundwork for students seeking a professional career in finance, accounting, and auditing. History of the CA Foundation Exam The Chartered Accountancy course in…
The Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) is one of the most prestigious and competitive entrance exams in India for students aspiring to pursue undergraduate programs in engineering, architecture, and planning. It is conducted in two phases: JEE Main and JEE Advanced. Let’s dive into the exam’s history, structure, preparation strategies, and essential details for JEE 2025….
The Common University Entrance Test (CUET) has become a pivotal examination for students aspiring to secure admission to central and other prominent universities in India. CUET has revolutionized the admission process by creating a standardized platform for students from diverse educational backgrounds. Here, we delve into its history, syllabus, top preparation platforms, and the important…