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‘Russia, Ukraine have agreed to end military action in Black Sea’

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(Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 14)

Topic: GS2 – International Relations

Context

  • Russia and Ukraine have agreed to halt military strikes in the Black Sea and on energy sites during talks brokered by the United States.

Analysis of the news:

  • The negotiations took place in Riyadh, where U.S. officials met separately with delegations from both countries over three days.

  • Both sides committed to ensuring the safe navigation of commercial vessels and preventing their military use.

  • The United States will explore ways to enforce a ban on strikes against energy infrastructure in both countries.

  • Russia stated that the agreement would only take effect if sanctions on its agricultural sector were lifted.

  • The United States pledged to help restore Russian agricultural and fertilizer exports to global markets.

  • Ukraine’s president acknowledged the agreement but expressed concern that lifting sanctions could weaken international pressure on Russia.

Geopolitical Importance of Black Sea

  • Global Trade & Economy: The Black Sea is a critical maritime route for transporting oil, grain, and other goods between Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.

  • Food Security: Ukraine and Russia are major grain exporters, and disruptions in the Black Sea impact global wheat and corn supplies, raising food prices.

  • Energy Transit: Pipelines under and around the Black Sea transport natural gas to Europe, making its security vital for energy stability.

  • Geopolitical Stability: Control over the Black Sea influences power dynamics between NATO, Russia, and regional countries.

  • Military Balance: A militarized Black Sea risks conflict escalation, affecting global security.

  • Tourism & Fisheries: Coastal economies depend on tourism and fishing, requiring open sea access for sustainability.

Practice Question: Examine the strategic and economic significance of the Black Sea and its impact on global trade and regional stability. (150 Words /10 marks)

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