Trachoma eliminated as a public health problem in India; what next?
(Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 7)
| Topic: GS2 – Social Justice – Health |
| Context |
| ● India achieved a significant public health victory by eliminating trachoma as a health problem on October 8, 2024, marking a milestone in reducing its prevalence despite ongoing challenges.
● This success underscores the importance of public health efforts in improving lives and preventing disease. |
What is Trachoma?
- Trachoma is a chronic infectious eye disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis.
- It primarily affects young children and women in areas with poor hygiene, sanitation, and limited access to clean water.
- The disease leads to symptoms like eye irritation, discharge, swollen eyelids, and, in severe cases, blindness due to scarring of the inner eyelid.
Impact of Trachoma in India
- Trachoma was responsible for about 4% of all blindness cases in India in 2005.
- It imposes an estimated economic loss of $2.9 to $5.3 billion annually due to reduced productivity associated with blindness and visual impairment.
- Trachoma’s transmission is exacerbated by poor living conditions and hygiene practices, particularly in northern states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh.
Elimination of Trachoma in India
India has achieved the elimination of trachoma as a public health problem, with a prevalence of 0.7%.
The WHO’s SAFE strategy (Surgery, Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness, and Environmental improvements) has been instrumental in this success.
Despite this achievement, sporadic cases may still exist, necessitating ongoing surveillance and health education to maintain the elimination status and prevent resurgence.
| Practice Question: Discuss the significance of eliminating trachoma as a public health problem in India. What strategies have been employed to achieve this? (150 Words /10 marks) |
