28 July 2023 : Daily Current Affairs
DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS
Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,Daily Current affairs of The hIndu and Indian Express.
28-July-2023
1. G-20: 39 MNCs come together for circular economy coalition
Topic: GS3 – sustainable development.
Context:
- Union Minister Bhupender Yadav emphasized the importance of transitioning to a circular economy model for sustainability.
More information about the news:
- The Resource Efficiency Circular Economy Industry Coalition (RECEIC) was launched at the G-20 Environment and Climate Sustainability Working Group meeting.
- 39 multinational corporations from various sectors pledged to adopt resource efficiency and circular economy principles to address environmental challenges related to waste, including plastics, microplastics, e-waste, and chemical waste.
- The coalition will be led by industries, with the government playing a supporting role.
- India’s efforts to mitigate plastic waste burden include generating 41 lakh tonnes of plastic waste in 2021-22, with 30 lakh tonnes allocated to registered recyclers and plastic waste processing units.
2. The anatomy of the Yamuna floodplains
Topic: GS3 – environmental protection.
Context:
- Heavy rains have caused the Yamuna River to swell, leading to floods and evacuation of residents from low-lying slum dwellings along the floodplains.
Encroachment on Yamuna floodplains – a case study:
- Floodplains are essential components of river systems, slowing water runoff during floods, recharging groundwater, and storing excess water, thereby replenishing the city’s water supply.
- The floodplains along the Yamuna in Delhi have witnessed the emergence of settlements and unauthorized constructions over the years, leading to forced evictions and the loss of natural water storage areas.
- Encroachments on floodplains restrict the river to a narrow channel, leading to devastating flash floods during intense rainfall events.
- A lack of floodplain zoning in the Master Plan and poorly implemented policies have allowed river land to be auctioned for private and public real estate, neglecting the river’s right to expand.
- Climate-resilient infrastructure and improved drainage systems are suggested actions to address the floodplain issues and create a sustainable approach to managing the Yamuna River.
3. Cinematograph Bill aimed at curbing piracy passed by RS
Topic: GS2 – Indian polity.
Context:
- The Rajya Sabha passed the Cinematograph (Amendment) Bill, 2023, introducing stringent anti-piracy provisions and expanding the scope of the law to cover copyright.
More information about the news:
- The Bill proposes a jail term of up to three years and a fine of up to 5% of a film’s production cost for individuals caught using audiovisual recording devices in licensed cinema halls with the intention of making or transmitting an infringing copy of a film.
- The proposed amendments seek to amend the Cinematograph Act, 1952, which grants authority to the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) to demand cuts in films and approve them for public exhibition.
- The Bill introduces three age ratings for films requiring adult supervision, replacing the current U/A rating with U/A 7+, U/A 13+, and U/A 16+ ratings.
- Films rated for adults have largely been prohibited on television since a 2004 Bombay High Court order, but broadcasters can voluntarily cut films and re-apply for a U/A rating with the CBFC, a practice that the Bill formalizes.
- The Bill will now have to pass the Lok Sabha to become law.
4. No accurate count of PwD population, says parliamentary panel
Topic: GS1 – Divyang society.
Context:
- The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Social Justice and Empowerment, headed by BJP MP Rama Devi, pulled up the government for failing to accurately estimate the population of Persons with Disabilities (PwDs).
- The House panel recommended that the government should collaborate with State governments, use data from their surveys, consult experts, and sensitize surveyors of the Ministry of Statistics to correctly estimate the population of PwDs until the results of Census 2021 are available.
- In response to the committee’s recommendations, the government explained that data on PwDs are largely taken from the decennial Census conducted by the office of the Registrar-General and sample surveys on disability conducted by the National Sample Survey of the National Statistical Office.
Problems with lack of data of PWD:
- Lack of accurate data on Persons with Disabilities (PWD) poses significant challenges in formulating targeted policies and programs for their empowerment and inclusion.
- Without reliable data, it is difficult for the government to assess the actual number of PWD in the country and understand the specific types of disabilities prevalent among the population.
- Inadequate data hampers the government’s ability to allocate resources effectively to address the needs of PWD in areas such as healthcare, education, employment, and social welfare.
- The absence of comprehensive data on PWD also makes it challenging to monitor and evaluate the impact of existing disability-related schemes and initiatives.
- Accurate data on PWD is crucial for designing barrier-free infrastructure and accessible services to enhance their mobility and participation in society.
Way forward:
- Conduct comprehensive and inclusive surveys to accurately estimate the population of Persons with Disabilities (PWD) in the country.
- Collaborate with State governments to gather data on PWD through their surveys and initiatives.
- Sensitize data collectors, including surveyors from the Ministry of Statistics, to accurately identify and record disability-related information.
- Use technology and innovative data collection methods to reach marginalized and remote communities with disabilities.
- Establish a robust database for PWD that includes information on the types of disabilities, demographics, and socio-economic status to inform policy decisions.
Model question: Discuss the challenges faced by the government in accurately estimating the population of Persons with Disabilities (PWD) in India. Suggest potential strategies and measures to overcome these challenges and create a comprehensive database for informed policy-making.
5. Govt. may extend PLI scheme to chemicals, petrochemicals
Topic: GS2 – Government initiatives.
Context:
- Large global investors like BASF, Adnoc, Rosneft, and Aramco are seeking joint venture partners for investments in India’s chemicals and petrochemicals sectors.
- India’s Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman hinted at the possibility of introducing a production-linked incentive (PLI) scheme to attract investments in these sectors.
- The government urges the industry to reduce its reliance on chemical imports that can be produced domestically.
- Sitharaman emphasized the importance of adopting newer technologies with a focus on sustainability and circularity for potential partnerships with global players.
More about Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme:
The Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme is an incentive program launched by the Government of India to boost domestic manufacturing across various sectors. The scheme aims to encourage companies to increase their production capabilities and enhance competitiveness in both the domestic and global markets.
- Targeted sectors: The PLI scheme is typically implemented for specific sectors that are considered strategically important for the country’s economic growth and development. These sectors may include electronics, pharmaceuticals, automobiles, textiles, chemicals, and petrochemicals, among others.
- Performance-based incentives: Under the PLI scheme, eligible companies receive incentives based on their actual performance. These incentives are linked to the incremental production or value addition achieved over a specified base year.
- Competitive selection process: To participate in the PLI scheme, companies usually need to apply and compete for the incentives. The selection process may involve evaluating the applicant’s production capacity, technology capabilities, and proposed investment plans.
- Encouraging exports: In some cases, the PLI scheme may include provisions to incentivize export-oriented production. This helps enhance India’s export competitiveness and reduces trade imbalances.
6. Geopolitical, geoeconomic volatility pose severe risks’
Topic: GS23 – Global economy
Context:
- A survey conducted by the World Economic Forum’s Chief Risks Officers community indicates that there is a high likelihood of volatility in geoeconomic and geopolitical relations between major economies in the next six months.
- Over 85% of Chief Risks Officers (CROs) anticipate continued volatility in economic and financial conditions in major economies.
- The survey highlights concerns about potential global upheavals due to the unpredictable nature of these geoeconomic and geopolitical dynamics.
Potential risks of Geo-political and Geo-economic volatility:
- Increased trade tensions and tariffs between major economies
- Currency fluctuations and exchange rate instability
- Geopolitical conflicts leading to disruptions in supply chains
- Economic sanctions impacting trade and investment flows
- Political uncertainties affecting investor confidence
- Increased protectionism and barriers to international trade
- Cybersecurity threats and attacks on critical infrastructure
- Resource disputes and energy supply disruptions
- Escalation of regional conflicts impacting global stability
- Heightened market volatility and financial instability.
For Enquiry
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