Answer: Option C - The responsiveness of tax revenue to changes in GDP growth

Explanation:

• Tax buoyancy refers to the responsiveness of tax revenue to changes in GDP growth.
• It measures how effectively a country’s tax system generates revenue in response to economic growth.
• A tax buoyancy greater than one indicates that tax revenue is increasing faster than GDP growth, while a value less than one suggests that tax revenue is growing slower than the economy.
• It reflects the efficiency of the tax system in capturing economic growth.

Answer: Option A - The difference between nominal GDP and real GDP

Explanation:

• The GDP deflator is an economic measure that reflects the difference between nominal GDP (the total value of goods and services produced at current prices) and real GDP (adjusted for inflation).
• It is used to assess the level of price changes or inflation in an economy by comparing the current price level of goods and services to the base year.
• The GDP deflator helps to track changes in the economy’s price level.

Answer: Option D - The X chromosome is significantly larger and contains more genes than the Y chromosome

Explanation:

• The human genome consists of 23 pairs of chromosomes, including 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes (XX for females, XY for males).
• The X chromosome is significantly larger than the Y chromosome and contains more genes, contributing to a variety of biological functions.
• The Y chromosome is smaller and contains fewer genes, primarily related to male sex determination and spermatogenesis.

Answer: Option B - To honor Mahatma Gandhi's return to India from South Africa

Explanation:

• January 9 was chosen to celebrate Pravasi Bharatiya Divas because it marks the significant event of Mahatma Gandhi's return to India from South Africa in 1915.
• This event is considered the beginning of his crucial role in India's freedom struggle.
• The day honors the contributions of the Overseas Indian community to India’s development.
• The observance of this day also reinforces the bond between India and its diaspora worldwide.

Answer: Option B - Creating dense forests in limited spaces

Explanation:

• The Miyawaki technique is a method for creating dense, natural forests in small urban spaces by planting native species closely together.
• This approach accelerates the growth of plants, making them grow up to 10 times faster than traditional methods.
• It helps in improving biodiversity, enhancing soil quality, and reducing air and water pollution.
• It is particularly effective in transforming barren, polluted areas into thriving ecosystems, as seen in urban settings.