Answer:  Option C - Acclimatization refers to short-term physiological adjustments, while adaptation is a long-term genetic change

Explanation:

• Acclimatization refers to short-term, reversible physiological changes that an organism undergoes in response to environmental factors, such as temperature or altitude.
• It allows organisms to function optimally in a new environment.
• In contrast, adaptation is a long-term genetic process that occurs over many generations, leading to permanent changes in an organism’s structure or function, enabling better survival in specific environmental conditions.
• Both terms describe different time scales of response to environmental stress.

Answer:  Option A - Indian exports become cheaper for foreign buyers

Explanation:

• When the Indian rupee depreciates against the US dollar, Indian exports become cheaper for foreign buyers.
• This is because foreign buyers can now purchase Indian goods at a lower price when converted to their own currency.
• As a result, Indian products become more competitive in international markets, potentially boosting export demand.
• This effect is commonly observed in countries with a significant portion of exports priced in foreign currencies.

Answer:  Option B - The moderating effect of the Mediterranean Sea

Explanation:

• The dry summers and mild, wet winters in Italy’s coastal region are primarily influenced by the moderating effect of the Mediterranean Sea.
• The sea absorbs heat during the summer and releases it during the winter, leading to warmer temperatures in winter and cooler temperatures in summer compared to inland areas.
• This maritime influence results in a characteristic climate with less temperature variation and frequent rainfall during the winter months.

Answer:  Option B - Disaster response and humanitarian aid

Explanation:

• The 'Sanyukt Vimochan 2024' exercise, conducted by the Indian Army, focused on enhancing disaster response capabilities, particularly in the context of a cyclone scenario along the coastal region of Gujarat.
• It involved multiple agencies, including the Army, Navy, Air Force, and other disaster management organizations.
• The exercise aimed at improving national and international collaboration in disaster relief, showcasing India's leadership in humanitarian aid and aligning with the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative.

Answer:  Option D - Coal India Limited

Explanation:

• Coal India Limited (CIL), under the Ministry of Coal, received the Green World Environment Award 2024 for its exceptional Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiative, the Thalassemia Bal Sewa Yojna.
• This initiative provides curative treatment to over 600 patients through stem cell transplants.
• The award recognizes CIL’s commitment to social development and environmental sustainability, including efforts like enhancing green cover, creating eco-parks, and supporting local communities.