22 May 2023 : PIB
PRESS INFORMATION BUREAU
22-May-2023
Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,The PIB ( Press Information Bureau )
1. PM addresses the 76th Session of the World Health Assembly in Geneva, Switzerland
Topic: GS2 – IR
Context:
- Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed the 76th Session of the World Health Assembly.
- India shipped almost 300 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines to over 100 countries, including many in the Global South.
Issue:
About World Health Assembly:
- World Health Assembly (WHA) is the highest decision-making body of the World Health Organization (WHO).
- It is an annual event that brings together representatives from all WHO member states.
- The WHA sets global health policies, approves the WHO’s budget, and provides guidance to the organization.
- It reviews and approves resolutions and decisions on various health-related issues.
- The assembly is attended by health ministers and senior health officials from member states.
- Non-governmental organizations and other stakeholders also participate as observers.
- The WHA addresses a wide range of health topics, including infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases, health systems, and emergency responses.
- It provides a platform for member states to share experiences, discuss challenges, and collaborate on global health initiatives.
- The assembly adopts and monitors the implementation of international health regulations.
The decisions made at the WHA have a significant impact on global health policies and strategies.
2. Prime Minister attends QUAD Leaders’ Summit.
Topic: GS2 – IR
Context:
- Prime Minister Narendra Modi attended QUAD Leaders’ Summit in Sydney, Australia.
Issue:
About QUAD:
The QUAD, also known as the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, is a strategic forum comprising four countries: The United States, Japan, Australia, and India. It was formed in 2007 but gained significant momentum in recent years. Here are some key points about the QUAD:
- Objective : The QUAD aims to promote a free, open, and inclusive Indo-Pacific region based on shared values and principles such as democracy, rule of law, and respect for international norms.
- Cooperation Areas: The QUAD focuses on various areas of cooperation, including maritime security, counterterrorism, cybersecurity, infrastructure development, humanitarian assistance, disaster relief, and promoting a rules-based order in the Indo-Pacific.
- Regular Dialogues: The member countries hold regular meetings at different levels, such as foreign ministers, senior officials, and working groups, to discuss regional challenges, coordinate policies, and advance cooperation.
- Indo-Pacific Focus: The QUAD’s primary focus is on the Indo-Pacific region, which spans from the Indian Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. It recognizes the growing importance of the region and aims to address security and economic concerns.
- Response to China’s Rise: The QUAD has been viewed as a response to China’s increasing assertiveness in the region.
- Expanded Engagement: The QUAD has engaged in various diplomatic and military exercises to enhance cooperation. This includes joint naval exercises, information sharing, infrastructure development projects, and vaccine diplomacy, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Outreach and Partnerships: The QUAD seeks to engage with other countries and organizations that share its vision for a free and open Indo-Pacific. It has held consultations with countries like South Korea, New Zealand, and Vietnam and is open to partnerships with like-minded nations.
3. PM Modi to attend G7 meeting in Japan.
Topic: GS2 – IR
Context:
- Prime Minister Narendra Modi attended the G7 meeting in Hiroshima, Japan.
Issue:
About G7 Group:
The Group of Seven (G7) is an international forum comprising seven of the world’s advanced economies. Here’s some information about the G7:
- Member Countries: The G7 consists of seven member countries: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The European Union (EU) is also represented at G7 meetings.
- Purpose and Objectives: The group aims to foster dialogue, coordination, and cooperation on a wide range of topics, including economic growth, trade, climate change, security, health, and development.
- Economic Significance: The G7 countries represent a significant portion of the global economy. They account for a large share of global GDP, trade, and foreign direct investment. As such, their discussions and policy decisions can have substantial impacts on global economic stability and growth.
- Ministerial Meetings and Working Groups: Throughout the year, ministers and officials from G7 countries engage in various ministerial meetings and working groups to address specific policy areas. These groups focus on topics such as finance, foreign affairs, environment, health, and technology.
- Outreach and Engagement: The G7 also engages with other countries and international organizations. It regularly invites non-member countries and representatives from organizations like the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and World Trade Organization to participate in discussions and foster collaboration.
- Criticisms and Evolving Dynamics: The G7 has faced criticisms for its limited membership, as it excludes major emerging economies and developing countries. Critics argue that its composition does not adequately reflect the changing global power dynamics.
Significance of G7 Group for India:
- Economic Relations: Many G7 countries, such as the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany, are major trade and investment partners for India. The G7 provides a platform for India to engage with these economies, promote bilateral trade, attract investments, and discuss economic cooperation.
- Development Assistance: The G7 countries are important contributors to global development assistance. India, as a developing country, can benefit from development programs, financial aid, and technical assistance offered by G7 members. These collaborations can support India’s infrastructure development, healthcare initiatives, education, and poverty reduction efforts.
- Global Governance and Multilateralism: The G7 plays a crucial role in shaping global governance, setting the international agenda, and promoting multilateralism. India, as the world’s largest democracy and a rising global power, seeks a voice in global decision-making processes. Engaging with the G7 allows India to share its perspectives on various global issues, including climate change, trade, and security.
- Climate Change and Clean Energy: India, as one of the significant emitters of greenhouse gases, seeks technological and financial support for its climate mitigation and adaptation measures. The G7 can provide a platform for discussions on climate-related initiatives, renewable energy collaborations, and funding mechanisms.
- Technology and Innovation: G7 countries are leaders in technology and innovation. Collaboration with G7 members can facilitate technology transfers, knowledge sharing, and capacity building for India. The G7 group can help India in cyber security, digital governance and other emerging technologies.
- Policy Cooperation: The G7 serves as a platform for discussing regional and global security challenges, counterterrorism efforts, and promoting peace and stability. India’s engagement with the G7 allows it to contribute to discussions on regional security issues, maritime cooperation, and counterterrorism strategies.
4. EXERCISE SAMUDRA SHAKTI-23 CONCLUDES
Topic: GS3 – Security
Context:
- The 4th edition of Exercise Samudra Shakti between India and Indonesia concluded on May 19, 2023.
- The sea phase took place from May 17-19, 2023.
Issue:
- Indian Navy’s INS Kavaratti, along with Chetak helicopter and Dornier Maritime Patrol Aircraft, participated in the exercise.
- Indonesian Navy’s KRI Sultan Iskandar Muda, along with Panther helicopter and CN 235 Maritime Patrol Aircraft, took part in the exercise.
- The sea phase included tactical manoeuvres, weapon firings, helicopter operations, air defence, and anti-submarine warfare exercises.
- The exercise enhanced interoperability and cooperation between the two navies.
- The harbour phase before the sea phase involved professional interactions, tabletop exercises, and sports exchanges.
- The successful completion of the exercise highlighted the strong partnership between India and Indonesia and their commitment to regional peace and stability through cooperative engagements.
For Enquiry
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