17 May 2023 : The Hindu Editorial
The Hindu Editorial
17-May-2023
Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,The Hindu Editorial Summary
1. Tripping trade: on India and its trade stance.
Topic: GS3 – Indian economy.
Context:
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The recent trend of decline in exports and imports requires India to re-evaluate its trade policies and reframe them according to changing domestic and global markets.
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Issue:
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Goods exports in April were at $34.6 billion, the lowest since October 2022, representing a third successive contraction and a 12.7% decline compared to the previous April.
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Imports also shrank by 14% to reach a 15-month low of under $50 billion.
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The decline in exports and imports in April is concerning as it indicates a sudden shift in sequential momentum, reminiscent of emergency handbrakes being applied.
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The new Foreign Trade Policy set a two trillion-dollar export goal to be achieved in seven years, but the first month of implementation has been challenging.
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While the trade deficit eased to a 20-month low, managing the trade deficit should not be the sole objective for policymakers.
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Falling imports suggest a slowdown in domestic demand, which was previously considered an insulation against global headwinds.
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The decline in imports of petroleum and gems and jewellery also affects exports of value-added end products, such as petroleum exports shrinking by 17.5% and jewellery shipments declining by 30%.
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Officials do not anticipate immediate relief from faltering global demand – with China’s recovery momentum being underwhelming and European and North American markets expected to pick up goods orders closer to the festive season.
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India should utilize this period to review its trade stance, reduce reliance on a few large markets, and pursue greater integration with global value chains and multilateral trading arrangements.
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Reference: The Hindu, May 17 (Page 8).
2. Rajasthan’s move spells some hope for gig workers.
Topic: GS3 – Indian economy – Inclusive Growth
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The Chief Minister of Rajasthan announced the establishment of the Rajasthan Platform-Based Gig Workers Social Security and Welfare Fund, India’s first welfare fund for gig and platform workers.
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This move comes after the passage of the Code on Social Security in 2020, which aimed to address the vulnerabilities faced by platform workers.
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Issue:
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Many states in India have yet to pass rules for implementing the Code on Social Security, raising concerns about the timely provision of benefits for gig and platform workers.
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The Rajasthan Platform-based Gig Workers Welfare Board will function as a tripartite institution with representatives from the bureaucracy, employers or clients, and workers’ unions or associations.
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The board aims to deliver social security benefits to around three to four lakh workers in the state.
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The Code on Social Security limits the types of schemes and programs that the board can establish, with key protection schemes being funded by the central government.
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The code mandates platforms to contribute 1%-2% of their revenue towards these schemes.
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The financial allocation and funding mechanism for the board, as well as the specific labour rights of gig and platform workers, remain unclear.
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The effectiveness of the board in providing meaningful benefits and addressing the labour rights of gig and platform workers is yet to be seen.
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Despite the challenges, the establishment of the board is seen as a significant achievement for platform workers and unions, providing them with a platform to voice their concerns.
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Reference: The Hindu, May 17 (Page 8).
3. The apathy of family and high costs hinder maternal healthcare
Topic: GS2 – Woman healthcare.
Context:
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The article gives insights into various indicators regarding maternal healthcare of Indian women. It is based on a UN report released in May.
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Issue
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India accounted for over 17% of global maternal deaths, stillbirths, and newborn deaths in 2020.
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The three major interventions to reduce maternal deaths are four antenatal care (ANC) visits, skilled attendance at birth, and postnatal care (PNC) within the first two days after birth.
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In India, 6.1% of mothers did not attend any ANC visits, while 34.1% attended less than the recommended four visits.
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There is an urban-rural divide, with higher ANC visit rates among mothers with higher education levels, wealthier households, and upper castes.
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Postnatal care was lacking, with 16% of women not having any postnatal health check-ups and 22.8% experiencing delayed check-ups.
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Wealth status and education levels influenced postnatal care access, with the poorest households having lower rates of check-ups.
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Only 50-60% of husbands were informed by health workers about pregnancy-related complications, and about 64% knew what to do in case of complications.
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In 28% of cases, the husband or family deemed ANC visits unnecessary or prevented the woman from attending, and lack of finance was cited as a reason in 27.7% of cases.
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8% of Indian women did not receive tetanus shots, and in 11% of cases, no skilled health providers were present during delivery.
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For Enquiry
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