19 August 2023 : The Hindu Editorial Notes PDF
The Hindu Editorial
19-August-2023
Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,The Hindu Editorial Summary
1. The issue is not about India’s GDP, but its JDP.
Topic: GS3 – Indian economy.
GDP Growth vs. Job Potential:
- The debate on India’s GDP growth has largely focused on which government achieved higher growth rates.
- The true concern should be whether GDP growth translates into actual job creation and improved incomes for the population.
Dissonance Between GDP Growth and Jobs:
- Despite high GDP growth rates, the demand for minimum wage work under MGNREGA has been increasing.
- The increase in demand for MGNREGA work suggests a gap between GDP growth and job creation.
- The poor quality of GDP growth, automation, and productivity gains contribute to this dissonance.
- Formal service sector jobs are predominantly held by people from higher castes, while MGNREGA workers are often from oppressed castes.
Decline in Job Intensity with GDP Growth:
- Data shows that the number of jobs created per percentage point of GDP growth has been declining over the decades.
- Automation and rapid productivity growth contribute to this phenomenon.
- Economic initiatives should focus on job intensity rather than merely pursuing headline GDP growth.
- Examples like semiconductor manufacturing might not create significant jobs due to automation.
Mines and Minerals Bill’s Potential:
- The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2023, could boost India’s economy if properly managed.
- Strategic minerals like lithium, cobalt, and graphite are vital for the transition to electric mobility.Properly administered mining can create jobs and lead to inclusive economic development.
- Proper regulations are necessary to prevent labor exploitation and environmental hazards in mining.
- Mining can offer local, low-skilled jobs and provide opportunities for marginalized communities.
Shifting Economic Discourse:
- Political leaders need to shift the focus from headline GDP growth to the actual creation of jobs and inclusive prosperity.
- The article suggests focusing on “Jobs Data Product” (JDP) as a more meaningful measure of economic well-being.
- The Finance Minister’s initiative to discuss high GDP growth rates should also consider the concept of “Jobs Data Product.”
Model question: Discuss the growing disparity between India’s impressive GDP growth rates and the inadequate creation of jobs in the economy. Analyze the factors contributing to this dissonance and propose policy measures that could address this challenge.
2. A ‘fab’ way to conduct India-Japan tech diplomacy
Topic: GS2 – International relations
Context:
- India and Japan agreed to collaborate on semiconductors in July 2023 for a resilient supply chain and joint semiconductor ecosystem development.
Focus Areas:
- Collaboration targets five key areas: semiconductor design, manufacturing, equipment research, supply chain resilience, and talent development.
- Aims for government-to-government and industry-to-industry cooperation.
Policy Alignment:
- Aligned with India’s “Make in India” and Japan’s “Society 5.0” for self-reliance and innovation-driven growth.
- Bilateral agreements signed for technology transfer, semiconductor research, and trade in related products.
- Recognizes the significance of semiconductor tech for innovation, economic growth, and national security.
- Japan’s advanced industry combined with India’s growing IT sector lays groundwork for mutual benefits.
- Supply chain disruptions and geopolitical tensions emphasize need for cross-country collaboration.
- Joint research accelerates innovation in semiconductor design, manufacturing, and materials science.
- Focus on skill exchange, workshops, and training for human resource development.
- Emphasis on addressing the growing need for skilled professionals in the semiconductor sector.
Implications for Global Tech Ecosystem:
- India-Japan partnership shapes global semiconductor landscape.
- Addresses challenges like miniaturization, AI integration, and quantum computing.
- Amid U.S.’s CHIPS and Science Act restricting semiconductor expansion by certain countries, India-Japan partnership consolidates critical tech partnerships.
- Reflects Indo-Pacific geopolitical considerations and national security concerns.
- India’s partnership diversifies semiconductor industry landscape in the region.
Synergy of Technological Prowess:
- Combines Japan’s tech expertise with India’s innovation for advanced electronics and enhanced connectivity.
- Envisions a shared commitment to technological excellence.
Conclusion:
- The India-Japan semiconductor collaboration underscores strategic alignment, diversification of supply chains, and mutual commitment to advanced technology, shaping the global landscape and regional partnerships.
3. The search for a room-temperature superconductor is far from over
Topic: GS3 – Science and technology
LK-99 Superconductivity Episode:
- Exciting episode led by South Korean researchers claiming LK-99 as room-temperature superconductor.
- Independent scientists collaborated via preprint papers to verify claim’s validity.
- Misinformation and hype ensued, prompting global testing of LK-99.
- Organic peer-review process formed as scientists attempted validation.
- Two reasons debunked superconductivity claim:
- Video showing half-repulsion explained as impurities causing magnetism.
- Sharp drop in electrical resistivity attributed to copper sulphide’s phase transition.
Shift in Burden of Proof: From Claim to Validation
- Burden of proof now rests with South Korean group.
- Online data dissemination achieved real-time documentation and collaborative closure.
- Open science encourages good research despite challenges.
- LK-99 episode highlights the potential of transparency and collaboration.
Possible applications of the discovery:
The discovery of a room-temperature superconductor, if verified and confirmed, could have significant applications across various fields. Some potential applications include:
- Revolutionizing power transmission and distribution systems.
- Enabling high-speed transportation with Maglev trains.
- Enhancing medical devices like MRI machines.
- Supporting energy storage systems and grid stabilization.
- Advancing computing and data storage technologies.
- Propelling quantum computing and communication
- Utilizing in aerospace and defense applications.
- Enhancing industrial processes and automation.
- Contributing to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Question: What are the potential applications of room-temperature superconductors?
For Enquiry
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