“India is a land where religious tolerance is a way of life, where diverse traditions live side by side in peace and prosperity.” — Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Indian society is one of the oldest, most diverse and complex social systems in the world, characterized by its rich cultural heritage, deep-rooted traditions and evolving modern…
Diversity refers to the presence and coexistence of different elements, characteristics and identities within a particular system, community or society. It encompasses various dimensions, including cultural, social, linguistic, religious, ethnic, economic and gender diversity, creating a vibrant and dynamic environment. Diversity is essential for fostering inclusivity, tolerance and mutual respect among different groups, allowing for…
Migration refers to the movement of people from one place to another. It can occur within a country (internal migration) or between countries (international migration). Migration can happen for many reasons, including economic opportunities, escaping conflict or improving living conditions. The two main concepts that define migration in terms of countries are immigration and emigration,…
India’s population policy has been integral to its development strategy, focusing on stabilizing population growth, improving health, and empowering individuals, especially women, through family planning. Initiated with the world’s first National Family Planning Program in 1952, the policy has evolved to address changing demographic and socio-economic needs. It aims to slow population growth, enhance health…
A census is the systematic collection of data about a population, offering a snapshot of a nation at a specific point in time. Originating in ancient civilizations like Rome, it has evolved into a vital tool for understanding demographics, housing, and economic conditions. Census in India The 2011 Census was the most recent; the 2021…
Population issues refer to the challenges and complexities arising from changes in population size, distribution, and demographic structure. The global population continues to grow unevenly across regions, posing unique problems for both developed and developing countries. While some nations face population explosion with excessive pressure on resources and infrastructure, others struggle with population decline, ageing…
Key features of Indian Population Factor Details Large Size India is the most populous country, with over 1.42 billion people (UN Population Report 2024). High Growth Rate Rapid population growth, especially between 1951 and 1981; growth rate (2001–2011): 17.7%. Youthful Population Over 34.3% in the 15–34 age group (2011 Census). Uneven Distribution Population concentrated in…
Population refers to the total number of people living in a specific geographical area at a given time. It is a critical factor in understanding the dynamics of human society and its interaction with resources, environment and development. Rapid population growth, driven by advances in technology and healthcare, brings challenges like overpopulation, resource depletion and…
In India, the term “elderly” refers to individuals who are 60 years of age and above, as defined by the Government of India and various national policies. This age threshold is used in programs like the National Policy on Older Persons (1999) and schemes such as the Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS)….
Dalit empowerment refers to the upliftment of historically oppressed communities through education, legal rights, political representation, and socio-economic opportunities. It aims to eliminate caste-based discrimination, ensure dignity and equality, and promote inclusive development. Constitutional safeguards, affirmative action, and social movements play a crucial role in empowering Dalits in India. The Ministry of Social Justice &…