The term Geography is derived from two roots in the Greek language: ‘Geo’ (earth) and Graphos (description). More formally, Geography is generally defined as a relationship between the earth’s physical environments with humans. Scholars define geography as, “the description of the earth as the abode of human beings”. Did you Know? Eratosthenes, a Greek scholar (276-194…
About 98% of the total crust of the earth is composed of eight elements oxygen, silicon, aluminium, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium. The details of the table are given: S. No. Elements percentage 1. Oxygen 46.60 2. Silicon 27.72 3. Aluminium 8.13 4. Iron 5.00 5. Calcium 3.63 6. Sodium 2.83 7. Potassium 2.59…
Geologists and seismologists have been concerned about what constitutes the earth. Earth is not a homogeneous solid ball, it consists of different layers with different characteristics. Various processes in the earth’s interior affect the landforms, which indirectly affect people’s lives. Thus, we study the interior of earth as it helps in: Interior of Earth Sources…
Longitude and Latitude are geographical coordinates on the Earth that determine the location of any place on the Earth. The latitudes and longitudes are angles that uniquely define points on the Earth. Both the Longitude and Latitude are measured in Degrees as they represent angular distances. Each degree is further divided into minutes (‘), i.e., (1…
In order to understand earth, which is the prime focus of Geography as a discipline, we must first understand the origin of Earth. However, to understand earth we must understand the origin of our solar system and the Universe in general. There are various theories which gave the basis for the origin of the Universe. …
Geomorphology is a part of Earth Science that studies changes on the Earth’s surface and the forces and processes that develop them. It deals with the characteristics of the Earth’s surface and all the geological processes that try to change it over a period of time. The earth’s crust is dynamic. It moves vertically as…
Continents cover 29% of the surface of the earth, and the remainder is under oceanic waters. The position of Continents and Oceans bodies has not been constant but has changed in the past. This chapter deals with the various theories related to the movement of the ocean and Continents. For a long time, many geographers…
The processes which occur on the surface of the earth under the influence of exogenic forces are termed exogenic processes or exogenic geomorphic processes. They derive energy from the atmosphere determined by ultimate energy from the sun, potential energy arising from the gravitational attraction of the Earth and gradients created by tectonic factors. They are…
Pedologists define soil as a collection of natural bodies on the earth’s surface containing living matter supporting or capable of supporting plants. Soil is a dynamic medium in which many chemical, physical and biological activities go on constantly. Soil is a result of decay, it is also the medium for growth. It is a changing…