Political Parties And Pressure Groups- Upsc Notes
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Political Parties and Pressure Groups- UPSC Notes

Political Party A political party is a group of people who share common values, ideology and goals and come together to contest elections and form government. In comparison, Pressure groups or interest groups are organised associations, unions or organisations of people who share common interests. Political parties are the most visible institutions in a modern democracy, and for most ordinary citizens, democracy means political…

Legislative Procedures In The State Legislature – Upsc Notes
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Legislative Procedures in the State Legislature – UPSC Notes

The legislative procedure in the state legislature is somewhat similar to the procedure in the Parliament; however, since the Legislative Council has much fewer powers as compared to the Rajya Sabha, there are some differences in the legislative procedure in the state legislature, which we will discuss here: 1)  Regarding Ordinary Bill Introduction: The bill…

Presiding Officers Of State Legislature – Upsc Notes
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Presiding Officers of State Legislature – UPSC Notes

Both houses of the state legislature have a presiding officer; the state assembly has a Speaker as the principal presiding officer and a deputy speaker to assist them and preside over the chair in their absence. Similarly, the legislative Council (in the case of a bicameral legislature is presided over by the Chairman (Chairperson) and…

The State Legislature Upsc Notes
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The State Legislature UPSC Notes

In India, the Constitution makers adopted a parliamentary form of government at the state and union levels. According to former President KR Narayanan, “Parliament and legislatures constitute the head and front of the body-politics in India. They are the institutional embodiments of the audacious experiment in democracy by the founding fathers of our republic.” Articles…

Parliamentary Forums Upsc Notes
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Parliamentary Forums UPSC Notes

The Indian Parliament actively engages with the Indian and the world forums in order to share experiences and enhance Participation. In this context, the Indian Parliamentary Group (IPG) and the Youth Parliament have emerged as important associations. Indian Parliamentary group: In 1949, the Indian Parliamentary Group was formed as an autonomous body in pursuance of…

Parliamentary Committees Upsc Notes
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Parliamentary Committees UPSC Notes

Members of Parliament need help to understand the complexity of the bills introduced in the House. Additionally, Parliament do not have enough time as they meet thrice a year, that too with a limited number of days there comes the role of parliamentary committees. The parliamentary committees assist members of Parliament in discharging their duties…

Parliamentary Functioning Upsc Notes
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Parliamentary Functioning UPSC Notes

Functions of the Parliament In order to perform its role efficiently, various mechanisms have been set up in the Constitution, and each House has been empowered to make its own rule under Article 118. Rules of communication between both houses and the Joint sitting are made by the President after consultation with the Speaker of…

Ordinance Making Power Of President And Governor – Complete Notes For Upsc

Ordinance Making Power of President and Governor – Complete Notes for UPSC

Ordinance Making Power of President and Governor The Constitution of India under Articles 123 and 213 provides the President and the Governor, respectively, powers to promulgate ordinances but only when ‘immediate action’ is necessary and the Parliament or state legislature is not in session. Ordinances have the same force and effect as an act of…

Legislative Procedures In The Parliament
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Legislative Procedures in the Parliament

Parliament being the supreme legislative body in the country, its primary function is law-making. All legislative proposals in Parliament are brought in the form of bills. A Bill is a draft statute and cannot become act or law unless it has received the approval of both the Houses and the assent of the President. The…