12 June 2023 : The Hindu Editorial
The Hindu Editorial
12-June-2023
Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,The Hindu Editorial Summary
1.Manipur, a rude reminder of northeast tension.
Topic: GS2.
Context:
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Ethnic violence in Manipur has resulted in over a hundred deaths and displacement of thousands, revealing a deep divide between the Meiteis and the Kuki-Chin-Mizo-Zomi-Naga tribes.
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Issue:
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Despite the belief that the northeast region had become integrated and that commonalities outweighed differences, the recent violence serves as a reminder of the existing divide between tribes and plains people in the region.
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The conflict in Manipur highlights the presence of ethnic sub-nationalism and identity politics, where ethnic identities often overshadow other considerations and tensions between different tribal entities are resurfacing.
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The polarisation between the Meitei majority and other tribal communities seems irreconcilable, leading to demands for separate administrations and relocation of communities.
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The central government’s proposed solutions, such as a judicial probe, a unified command for security, and a CBI inquiry, are met with mixed reactions and may not be sufficient in the current circumstances.
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It is crucial for saner voices to lead the way in finding a solution, taking into account cultural factors and the perspectives of all parties involved.
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The situation in Manipur should be addressed promptly to prevent further conflicts in the region, and Delhi’s approach should involve dialogue, sensitivity, and an understanding of the various communities’ needs for security.
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Delhi must be perceived as neutral, acting based on moral principles, while demonstrating a strong resolve to resolve the issue.
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Finding a satisfactory solution is essential to avoid exacerbating tensions and conflicts in the region and to maintain a shared national interest.
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2. The economy is better poised but still needs deft steering, mindful reforms
Topic: GS3 – Indian economy.
Context:
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India’s economy has recovered from the pandemic blues and is poised for uninterrupted growth of 6.5%-7% for a decade or more, even without further reforms.
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Issue:
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Chief Economic Advisor V. Anantha Nageswaran highlighted reasons for optimism, including strong momentum, improved macro fundamentals, cleaner bank and corporate balance sheets, and reforms like GST and digitization.
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The government’s emphasis on the economy’s bright prospects can be seen as an encouragement for the private sector to restart investing.
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However, the economy may be on “auto-pilot” mode, indicating a low appetite for pending reforms until the 2024 Lok Sabha election.
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While sectors like steel and cement are witnessing increased capacities, a broad-based revival may take longer and requires further actions to build confidence.
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Private investment and job creation need to recover significantly for sustainable demand growth and to create the desired virtuous cycle.
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The government should create conducive conditions and avoid unnecessary tinkering to ensure a smooth passage for value and job creators, fostering investor confidence.
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3. Amplify the subject of adolescent girl nutrition
Topic: GS3 – Food security.
Context:
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Gaurav Gogoi, Member of Parliament (Congress) from Kaliabor, Assam, emphasizes the importance of prioritizing the health and nutrition of adolescent girls to unlock India’s future potential.
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Adolescence is a crucial period for cognitive development, and improving nutrition during this phase compensates for any nutrient deficiencies acquired earlier in the girl child’s life.
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Issue:
Status of nutrition in adolescent girls:
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Adolescent health is a significant indicator of long-term women’s labor force participation, and better nutrition improves prospects for productive activities.
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National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-21) data reveals high rates of undernutrition and anemia among adolescent girls, with 59.1% found to be anemic and 41.9% reported as underweight.
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Various factors, including environmental conditions and cultural norms, affect nutrition uptake in adolescent girls, making the situation complex.
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Issues with current interventions:
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Current health interventions do not adequately focus on the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
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Neglecting the nutritional needs of young girls can have long-term consequences, including cognitive impairments, lower educational attainment, higher risks of chronic diseases and pregnancy complications, and limited participation in society.
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Interventions should be redefined to center around good nutrition and adopt a life-cycle approach, breaking the intergenerational cycle of poverty and contributing to economic growth.
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Way forward:
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Convergence of government initiatives like the Scheme for Adolescent Girls (SAG) and Prime Minister’s Overarching Scheme for Holistic Nutrition programme (POSHAN) 2.0 can be effective if implemented well.
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Strengthening awareness and nutrition education programs, regionally contextualized social and behavior change communication efforts, and collaboration among relevant departments are crucial for improved outcomes.
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A holistic narrative supported by evidence and data is needed to emphasize the linkages between adolescent girls’ nutrition, well-being, productivity, and economic growth.
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Disaggregated data is necessary for effective interpretation and decision-making.
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Gaurav Gogoi stresses the responsibility and opportunity to prioritize the nutritional needs of India’s girls to ensure a healthier, stronger future for the nation.
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4. Governors cannot indefinitely hold back Bills.
Topic: GS2 – Indian Polity.
Context:
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Recent issues have emerged between Chief Ministers and Governors in various states regarding the passing of bills, with Chief Ministers expressing concerns about undue delays in granting assent.
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Issue:
The role of the Governor:
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The role of the Governor in a state legislature is limited, and they can only act on the advice of their Council of Ministers, with the Chief Minister as the head of the Council.
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The Constitution grants certain instances where a Governor can exercise discretion independent of the Council of Ministers, as long as the Constitution expressly permits them to do so.
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Article 200 of the Constitution states that the Governor can give assent, withhold assent, or return a bill with suggestions. The Governor can refer a bill to the President if it is deemed to take away the powers of the High Court.
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Governor’s autonomy:
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The Governor’s autonomy is not unlimited, and indefinite withholding of assent is not permissible, as it would lead to a breakdown of the constitutional machinery.
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The Supreme Court has held that the Governor’s power to reserve bills for the President’s consideration is a discretionary power. The Governor’s discretion is recognized under the Constitution, but it is limited to specific circumstances.
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The Governor must either give assent or return the bill with recommendations as soon as possible. If the bill affects the power of the High Court, the Governor can refer it to the President.
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Refusing to act on a bill is a violation of the Constitution, and a Governor’s action or inaction in this regard can be subject to judicial review.
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5. Less than half of urban consumers pessimistic about economy.
Topic: GS3 – Indian economy.
Context:
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According to a bi-monthly survey conducted by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the share of urban consumers in India who were pessimistic about the economy declined to below 50% for the first time since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Issue:
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In May 2021, the share of pessimistic consumers about the economy peaked at 80%, but it has been gradually declining since then.
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However, pessimism about employment opportunities has not shown a similar decline. The share of consumers pessimistic about their employment scenario has stagnated in the 47-49% range in the past six months.
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The share of people who are pessimistic about their income levels has been declining rapidly, approaching pre-pandemic levels. In May 2023, only 26.3% of urban consumers felt that their income levels had declined.
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Over 90% of respondents continue to say that the price levels of commodities have increased compared to the earlier year, and this trend has persisted since the second wave of the pandemic in 2021.
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The current situation index (CSI) and future expectation index (FEI) both show improvements, but the confidence levels remain relatively low compared to pre-pandemic levels and the economic downturn in 2019.
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Overall, while there are signs of improvement in the economy, concerns remain regarding employment opportunities and the rising price levels of commodities.
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For Enquiry
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