14 September 2023 : Daily Current Affairs
Daily Current Affairs
14-September-2023
Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,Daily Current affairs of The hIndu and Indian Express.
1) IAF takes delivery of first C-295 transport aircraft, 15 more from Spain in next 2 years
Topic: GS3- science and technology, Defence.
Context:
- The Indian Air Force (IAF) received delivery of the first of the 56 C-295 aircraft which are set to replace its ageing Avro-748 fleet.
About C-295:
Features
- The CASA C-295 (now Airbus C295) is a medium tactical transport aircraft that was designed and initially manufactured by the Spanish aerospace company CASA.
- Both manufacturing and final assembly of the C-295 is normally performed at the Airbus Defence and Space facilities in San Pablo Airport, located in Seville, Spain.
Uses
- Beyond its use as a tactical transporter, the C-295 is capable of performing a wide variety of missions effectively.
- These included parachute and cargo dropping, electronic signals intelligence (ELINT), medical evacuation (MEDEVAC), and maritime patrol.
Usage Worldwide
- The C-295 has been acquired by multiple nations including Spain, Egypt, Poland, Canada, Brazil, Mexico, Portugal and others.
- It has also participated in numerous international operations, including those in the former Yugoslavia, Afghanistan, Iraq, Lebanon, and Chad.
Background
- India acquired 56 C295 aircraft in September 2021 to replace the (IAF) legacy AVRO fleet.
- The first 16 aircraft will be assembled in Seville, Spain, and delivered to the customer in ‘fly-away’ condition.
- The following 40 aircraft will be manufactured and assembled by Tata Advanced Systems Ltd. (TASL) in India as part of an industrial partnership between the two companies.
- The C295 Final Assembly Line being built in Gujarat is the first concrete, large-scale Make-in-India defence programme in the private sector that will unlock the industrial value chain of design, manufacturing, assembly, testing, delivery and maintenance of the complete lifecycle of the aircraft.
Significance
- This programme will significantly contribute towards developing the indigenous capabilities of Indian companies for an ‘Aatma Nirbhar Bharat’.
2) Women should get more representation in politics: President Murmu in Gujarat
Topic: GS2- women’s issues
Context:
- Amid Opposition speculation that the women’s reservation Bill could be on the agenda of the special session of Parliament next week, President Droupadi Murmu for increased representation of women in the Assembly.
What is the Women’s Reservation Bill?
- The Women’s Reservation Bill proposes to reserve 33% of seats in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies for women.
- It was first introduced in the Lok Sabha as the 81st Amendment Bill in September 1996.
- The Bill failed to get the approval of the House and lapsed with the dissolution of the Lok Sabha.
- The Bill was reintroduced in 1998, 1999, 2002, 2003 and 200. However, the Bill failed to receive majority votes.
Present status of Women in Parliament
- Presently, only about 14% of Lok Sabha MPs are women (total count is 78).
- In the Rajya Sabha, women’s representation is about 11% of the total membership. While the percentage has increased significantly, it is still much lower than in many other countries.
- According to PRS statistics, Rwanda (61%), South Africa (43%), and even Bangladesh (21%), are much ahead of India in this sphere. According to the most recent Inter-Parliamentary Union’s most, India ranked 144th out of total 193 nations in terms of the representation of women in parliament.
3) Lancet Commission flags concern over increase in tuberculosis deaths
Topic: GS2-health
Context:
- Lancet Commission has, flagged concerns over the increase in tuberculosis deaths for the first time in 20years due to Tuberculosis.
Details:
- According to the Commission’s review report, there has been a deterioration in the rate of decline in TB mortality and two-thirds of tuberculosis deaths occurred in just eight countries, and over half occurred in India (33%), Indonesia (10%), and Nigeria (8%).
- As per the Global TB report 2022, India reported 5.04 lakh deaths in 2021 as against 5.52 lakh in 2010.
- In 2017, the number of deaths reported were 4.62lakh.
- While the Covid pandemic had an impact on the ability of global health systems to prevent, screen and treat TB, the report estimated that one-third of people were undiagnosed and untreated in 2022.
Recommendations:
- Immediate scaleup in access to molecular diagnostics and AI-assisted chest x-ray technology.
- There is also a strong pitch for newer shorter 1/4/6 treatment regimens.
- “The newer, shorter 1/4/6 TB treatment regimens can have a huge impact on adherence and efficacy.
- This recommendation would ensure access to one-month regimen or once-weekly for TB prevention, four months for drug-sensitive TB, and six months treatment regimen for drug-resistant TB.
- To maximise the impact of these significant treatment breakthroughs, there is a need for more countries to adopt the new treatment paths faster.
- Adjunct therapies like nutritional support can go a long way in reducing deaths due to TB.
4) Nipah cases: What makes this virus deadly
Topic: GS2-Health
Context:
- Two people have died of the Nipah infection in Kerala’s Kozhikode district, while three more have been confirmed to have caught the virus.
- While the Nipah virus does not spread as quickly as the Covid-19 virus, it is more deadly.
What is the Nipah infection?
- Nipah is a zoonotic disease, which means it is transmitted to humans from infected animals or contaminated food.
- It can also be transmitted directly from person to person.
Symptoms
- Its symptoms include:
- fever,
- headache,
- breathing difficulties,
- cough and sore throat,
- diarrhoea,
- vomiting,
- musclepain andweakness.
- In severe cases, disorientation, seizures, and encephalitis (swelling of the brain) can occur, progressing to coma and death.
How is Nipah transmitted?
- Nipah can spread to humans after close contact with infected animals or secretions containing the virus on fruit trees, fruits, date palm sap, juice or toddy.
- Human-to-human transmission is possible through close contact.
- The infection is also known to spread through droplets in an enclosed, crowded environment. That is what happened in the 2018 Kerala outbreak.
Why it frequently happens in Kerala?
- The infection happens in Kerala because the fruit bats in the region are known to carry the virus.
- Fruit bats and pigs are healthy carriers of the infection which means that they are reservoirs of the virus without showing any symptoms or dying of it.
What makes it particularly dangerous?
- It is essential to quickly start treatment of those who are suspected to have Nipah.
- This is because there is a window of just two to three days between the start of symptoms and the worsening of a patient’s condition.
- The suspect has to be immediately isolated, while any close contacts—family members, social contacts, hospital staff should remain in quarantine till they get a negative report.
- The important thing is to put a stop to human to human transmission of the infection, as the mortality rate can be very high.
5) About Operation Polo:
Topic: Prelims, GS1
Context:
- On this day 75 years ago, the Indian Army launched Operation Polo, the military action to integrate the princely state of Hyderabad with the Indian Union.
Details:
- Operation Polo was the code name given for the September 1948 “police action” against Hyderabad state by the then independent Dominion of India.
- It was a military operation in which the Indian armed forces annexed the Nizam-ruled princely state.
- India, on the instructions of Home Minister Sardar Patel, did the operation in Hyderabad.
- Operation was started on September 13, 1948, and completed on day 5, September 17.
- Sardar Patel had major doubts about the Nizam of Hyderabad’s intentions due to the state’s location.
- Hyderabad state was in the heart of India, surrounded by land.
- The Nizam was not interested in forging connections with India, which implied he had other ideas in mind.
- As a result, Sardar Patel put up an inquiry team to find out what the Nizam was up to. i.e. Hyderabad was friendly with Pakistan yet opposed to India.
- On 18th September 1948, Operation Polo was terminated after the Indian Army accepted the surrender of the Nizam of Hyderabad’s army.
The areas liberated:
- The state of Hyderabad under the Nizam included:
- the whole of current day Telangana,
- the Marathwada region in Maharashtra that included the districts of Aurangabad, Beed, Hingoli, Jalna, Latur, Nanded, Osmanabad, Parbhani.
- Districts of Kalaburagi, Bellary, Raichur, Yadgir, Koppal, Vijayanagara and Bidar in current day Karnataka.
The Recognition:
- The state governments of Maharashtra and Karnataka officially observe September 17 as the Liberation Day.
6) Special Session to discuss Parliament’s 75-year journey
Context:
- Special Session of Parliament from September 18 to 22.
- Two Houses will begin discussion on Parliament’s 75-year journey
- A bulletins issued by the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha noted that on September 18 discussion on “Parliamentary journey of 75 years starting from Samvidhan Sabha — achievements, experiences, memories and learnings”.
The Rajya Sabha bulletin says three Bills will be taken up:
- The Post Office Bill, 2023 – to consolidate and amend the law relating to Post Office in India
- The Chief Election Commissioner, Other Election Commissioners (Appointment, Conditions of Service and Term of Office) Bill – to regulate the appointment, conditions of service and term of office of the Chief Election Commissioner and Other Election Commissioners
7)
Govt. will protect industry from EU’s carbon law
Context:
Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal assured that the government will take all necessary steps to protect Indian industry from any adverse impact of the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM).
What is CBAM? :
- The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism(CBAM) is a carbon tariff on carbon intensive products.
- This mechanism invented by European Union.
- CBAM would address the carbon emission problem which emit during the production of goods.
- This mechanism impose duties and tariff on such carbon intensive product.
- CBAM framework involves reporting of iron and steel, aluminium, fertilisers, and electricity imports in the region, regarding carbon emission while producing it. To start with, additional import levies to be imposed on such carbon-intensive products from 2026.
Mr. Goyal emphasised on:
- Creating the ecosystem where Industry and government could work together decarbonise Indian product.
- Focusing on steel industries.
- Policy interventions to accommodate the demands of the world today will give us a competitive edge.
Indian export could take biggest hit from CBAM as their production is more carbon intensive compared with China.
8)
Global stocktake Repot
Context:
United Nations climate secretariat made public a ‘synthesis report’ on the results of three meetings held so far to discuss progress achieved by countries in achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement of 2015.
Global stocktake report:
- The synthesis report ties into a larger exercise called the ‘global stocktake,’ that is expected to take place once in five years.
- During Paris summit countries took a pledge.
To keep global temperatures from rising beyond 2 degrees Celsius by the end of the century.
Possibly below 1.5 degrees Celsius
- They also agreed to periodically review, or take stock of efforts, made by individual countries in containing greenhouse gases and transitioning their fossil-fuel dependent energy systems to renewable sources.
Key Findings:
- The world is not on track to achieve Paris Agreement targets.
- Window for countries to get their act together rapidly narrowing.
- Governments need to support ways to transition their economies away from fossil fuel businesses/industries and communities must strengthen efforts.
- Deforestation and land-degradation have to be stopped
- Agricultural practices critical to reducing emissions and conserving and enhancing carbon sinks have to be encouraged.
- Access to climate finance in developing countries needed to be enhanced.
- This document for the first time formally recognises the massive jump in finance necessary for the world to transition to a renewable energy economy.
For Enquiry
14 September 2023 : The Hindu Editorial Notes PDF
Soil and Natural Hazards Mains Test
Vegetation Mains Test
Indian Climate – Monsoon system Mains Test
India’s drainage system Mains Test
India – Location, Structure and Physiography Mains Test
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