21 June 2023 : Daily Current Affairs
DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS
21-June-2023
Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,Daily Current affairs of The hIndu and Indian Express.
1. India and U.S. share values of democracy, diversity: Modi
Topic: GS2 – International relations.
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Prime Minister Narendra Modi is visiting the United States on his sixth visit as Prime Minister.
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More about the news:
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The visit is focused on enhancing trade and energy, collaborations in science & technology, education, and health.
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Agreements on defence ties, including deals for jet engines and drones, are expected to be signed.
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The visit aims to reinforce shared values of democracy, diversity, and freedom between India and the United States.
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2. India’s first mRNA vaccine against Omicron approved
Topic: GS3 – Science and technology.
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The Department of Biotechnology (DBT) has announced that an Omicron-specific mRNA-based Booster vaccine developed by Gennova Biopharmaceuticals Ltd. has received Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) from the Drug Control General of India (DCGI).
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The vaccine was developed using indigenous platform technology supported under the Mission COVID Suraksha, implemented by Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC).
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More About mRNA vaccine:
mRNA vaccines are a type of vaccine that uses a small piece of genetic material called messenger RNA (mRNA) to instruct cells in the body to produce a protein that triggers an immune response. This immune response helps protect against specific diseases.
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mRNA: Messenger RNA is a molecule that carries genetic instructions from DNA to the protein-making machinery in cells. In the case of mRNA vaccines, the mRNA carries instructions to produce a specific protein from a virus or pathogen.
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Protein production: When the mRNA from the vaccine enters cells, it provides instructions for the cells to produce a viral protein or a fragment of it. This protein is harmless on its own and cannot cause the disease.
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Immune response: The produced protein from the mRNA vaccine triggers an immune response in the body. The immune system recognizes the protein as foreign and mounts a response by producing antibodies and activating immune cells.
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mRNA vaccine vs DNA vaccine:
mRNA vaccines and DNA vaccines are both types of genetic vaccines that work by introducing genetic material into the body to trigger an immune response. However, there are some key differences between the two:
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Genetic Material: mRNA vaccines use messenger RNA as the genetic material, while DNA vaccines use DNA.
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Location of Action: mRNA vaccines act within the cytoplasm of the cells, while DNA vaccines work within the nucleus of the cells.
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Delivery: mRNA vaccines are delivered as single-stranded RNA molecules, while DNA vaccines are delivered as double-stranded DNA molecules.
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Protein Production: mRNA vaccines instruct cells to produce viral proteins in the cytoplasm, while DNA vaccines rely on the cell’s own machinery to transcribe the DNA into RNA and then produce the proteins.
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Stability: mRNA is less stable than DNA and requires specific storage conditions, including ultra-cold temperatures for some formulations. DNA is more stable and can be stored at regular refrigeration temperatures.
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Manufacturing: mRNA vaccines are relatively easier and faster to manufacture compared to DNA vaccines.
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Integration into Genome: DNA vaccines can potentially integrate into the host cell’s genome, although the likelihood is low. mRNA vaccines do not integrate into the genome and are transient in nature.
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3. Puri Rath Yatra begins, lakhs of people throng the streets
Topic: GS1 – art and culture
About Puri Rath Yatra:
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The Rath Yatra is an annual event held in the coastal town of Puri.
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The event involves three deities, Lord Balabhadra, Lord Jagannath, and Devi Subhadra, being taken out in their respective chariots from the Shree Jagannath Temple.
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The festival attracts a large number of devotees, with lakhs of people gathering in Puri to witness the grand spectacle.
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The Rath Yatra lasts for nine days, during which the deities are taken to the Mausi Maa temple and then returned to the Shree Jagannath Temple.
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After the Rath Yatra, the idols are installed back in the temple for other major rituals.
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4. Climate breakdown: the Arctic Ocean could beice-freeby the 2030s
Topic: GS3 – Environment and climate change
Climate change and Artic region:
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The Arctic Ocean could be ice-free in summer by the 2030s, according to a study in Nature Communications.
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The disappearance of sea ice in the Arctic would signify climate breakdown and have global consequences.
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The Arctic has experienced faster climate heating compared to other regions.
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Multiyear sea ice, which acts as a barrier between the ocean and atmosphere, has significantly reduced in the past 40 years.
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Efforts have been made to determine when the Arctic Ocean might become ice-free in summer, known as a “blue ocean event.”
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Predicting this event is challenging due to the complex nature of sea ice influenced by atmospheric and oceanic circulation.
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Early climate models underpredicted sea ice loss, while observations showed a higher rate of decline.
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The latest study used observationally constrained projections and suggests an ice-free Arctic Ocean by 2030, even with emission reduction efforts.
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The exact timing is uncertain due to natural fluctuations in the climate system, but the study brings forward the expected timing by about a decade.
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The loss of Arctic sea ice has significant consequences, including accelerating warming, impacting atmospheric circulation, storm tracks, and ocean biological activity.
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The disadvantages of ice loss outweigh any potential benefits, such as shorter shipping routes, and include increased sea level rise and ecological disruptions.
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For Enquiry
21 June 2023 : Daily Current Affairs
20 June 2023 : Indian Express
20 June 2023 : Daily Quiz
20 June 2023 : PIB
20 June 2023 : The Hindu Editorial
20 June 2023 : Daily Current Affairs
19 June 2023 : Indian Express
19 June 2023 : Daily Quiz
19 June 2023 : PIB
19 June 2023 : The Hindu Editorial
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Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,The Hindu Editorial Summary
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