7 June 2023 : Daily Current affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS

7-June-2023

Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,Daily Current affairs of The hIndu and Indian Express.

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1. Why is there trouble in Kosovo again?

Topic: GS2- International relations.

Context:

• • • The recent escalation of tensions between Kosovo and Serbia has led to NATO sending additional peacekeeping troops to Kosovo.

Issue:

• • • The conflict between Kosovo and Serbia stems from their historical and territorial disputes.

    • Kosovo, a former province of Serbia, declared independence in 2008, but Serbia does not recognize its sovereignty.

    • Serbia considers Kosovo as part of its territory due to historical and cultural significance, including the presence of Serb Orthodox Christian churches and monasteries.

    • The ethnic Albanian majority in Kosovo sees Serbia’s control as unfair and sought separation in the 1980s, leading to an insurgency by the Kosovo Liberation Army in the late 1990s.

    • NATO intervention in 1999 forced Serbia to end hostilities and withdraw from Kosovo, leading to the deployment of peacekeepers and a transitional UN-led administration.

    • Since 2008, clashes have periodically occurred, particularly in the northern region with a significant ethnic Serb minority that does not recognize Kosovo’s institutions.

    • The EU has been facilitating talks between Kosovo and Serbia, aiming for bilateral normalization and potential EU membership.

    • The talks have produced some agreements, but progress has been slow, and some proposals, such as border redrawings, have been rejected.

    • The dialogue was suspended in 2018 due to Kosovo imposing tariffs on Serbian goods, and doubts have arisen about the EU’s seriousness in granting membership to both parties.

    • Concerns exist over Serbia’s ties with Russia, including historic and military connections and Russia’s support for Serbia’s claim over Kosovo.

    • The recent meeting between the Presidents of Serbia and Kosovo has shown some signs of a potential de-escalation, with the possibility of holding fresh elections in Serb-dominated municipalities.

2. Manipur govt. yet to take stand on adding Meiteis to ST list

Topic: GS2- Indian polity.

Context:

• • • Ethnic clashes continue between the Meiteis and the Kuki-Zomi people in Manipur.

    • The State government has not taken a position on whether the Meiteis should be given Scheduled Tribe status.

Issue:

• • • A Division Bench of the Manipur High Court heard an appeal against a previous order directing the State government to recommend Meiteis for inclusion on the ST list.

    • The Kuki-Zomi and Naga people in the State have been protesting against the order.

    • Violence erupted in the State after a protest on May 3, resulting in over 100 deaths, hundreds of injuries, and tens of thousands internally displaced.

    • The appeal has been filed by the All Manipur Tribal Union against the March 27 order.

    • The Union Tribal Affairs Ministry stated it would not file any objection against the appeal.

    • The State government’s advocates requested more time to decide whether they want to file an objection.

    • The Meitei Tribes Union sought a week’s time to file their objections.

3. Submarine deal can be a flagship project, says German Minister

Topic: GS3 – Naval security.

Context:

• • • German Defence Minister Boris Pistorius discussed the progress of a deal for the procurement of six advanced conventional submarines by the Indian Navy under Project-75I during his visit to India.

Issue:

• • • Pistorius made a strong pitch for German company Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems (TKMS) to secure the submarine deal.

    • He stated that the submarine deal could become a “flagship project” and expressed a desire to intensify military cooperation with other branches of the Indian Navy and the Air Force.

    • Defence Minister Rajnath Singh called for German investments in Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu defence corridors during their talks.

    • This is the first visit of a German Defence Minister to India since 2015.

    • Pistorius highlighted that the German defence industry has an excellent reputation but acknowledged the presence of competitors in the race for the submarine deal.

    • He expressed support for the “Make in India” initiative and emphasized the need for collaboration between companies from both countries.

    • While Pistorius does not have the authority to sign contracts, he stated that the federal government supports the work of the German defence industry.

    • The German industry’s position in the race for the submarine deal is considered quite promising.

4. 508 districts in country are free of manual scavenging: Ministry report

Topic: GS3 – Health and sanitation.

Context:

• • • The Union Social Justice and Empowerment Ministry has stated that only 508 out of 766 districts in India have been declared free of manual scavenging.

Issue:

• • • The Ministry had previously denied the existence of manual scavenging deaths, attributing them to hazardous cleaning of sewers and septic tanks.

    • Senior Ministry officials have differentiated between manual scavenging and hazardous cleaning of sewers, stating that surveys conducted in 2013 and 2018 identified all existing manual scavengers in the country.

    • The Ministry listed as an achievement that 508 districts have reported themselves as manual scavenging-free.

    • The rehabilitation scheme for manual scavengers, which provided a one-time cash payout and skills training, has been merged with the NAMASTE scheme for mechanization of sewer work.

    • The Union Budget for 2023-24 allocated ₹100 crore for the NAMASTE scheme but did not allocate any funds for the rehabilitation scheme.

    • Collaboration is ongoing with other ministries, with the Housing and Urban Affairs Ministry playing a major role in the current phase of the mechanization scheme.

    • The scheme aims to identify and profile septic tank/sewer workers, provide them training and safety equipment, and offer health insurance under the Ayushman Bharat scheme.

    • Capital subsidies are provided to workers who choose to mechanize their work and register with the local body.

5. Doctors must strictly comply with law on reporting POCSO offences: Karnataka HC

Topic: GS2- Indian polity.

Context:

• • • The Karnataka High Court has emphasized that doctors must strictly comply with the law on reporting Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) offenses.

Issue:

• • • The court’s directive aims to ensure that doctors promptly report cases of child sexual abuse as required by law.

    • Compliance with reporting requirements is crucial for the protection and welfare of child victims.

    • The court’s emphasis on strict compliance underscores the importance of doctors’ role in identifying and reporting cases of child sexual abuse.

    • Timely reporting can contribute to the prosecution of offenders and the provision of necessary support and justice for victims.

    • The directive serves as a reminder to healthcare professionals of their legal and ethical responsibilities in addressing child sexual abuse cases.

6. Retail inflation likely eased in May

Topic: GS3 – Indian economy – inflation.

Context:

• • • India’s consumer inflation is expected to moderate further from April’s 18-month low of 4.7%.

Issue:

• • • Food price inflation likely cooled further in May, although prices of items like milk, rice, and pulses increased on a month-on-month basis.

    • Rice and wheat prices increased by 10% and 8% respectively in May compared to the previous year.

    • The cost of vegetarian and non-vegetarian thalis declined on a yearly basis due to lower prices of vegetables and cooking oil, but prices of cereals, pulses, chicken, and eggs limited the reduction.

    • The Bank of Baroda Essential Commodity Index, which covers a significant portion of the CPI, slowed to 1.4% in May from 2.8% in April.

    • Economists expect the Consumer Price Index to edge down to 4.5% in May from 4.7% in April.

    • Certain items like milk and sugar are experiencing price increases, while pulses may see a surge in prices.

7. ‘Internet economy to hit $1 trillion by 2030’

Topic: GS3 – economy.

Context:

• • • India’s Internet economy is projected to reach a value of $1 trillion by 2030, according to a report by Google, Bain & Company, and Temasek.

Issue:

• • • The current value of the Internet economy in India is estimated at $175 billion in 2022.

    • The growth of the Internet economy will be driven by increased online transactions and the overall expansion of digital businesses.

    • The report highlights that the growth will be most significant in Tier 2+ locations, including smaller towns and rural areas, as only 13% of the Indian population lives in metro and Tier 1 cities.

    • Sectors such as HealthTech and InsurTech, currently valued at or below $2 billion, are expected to experience the largest expansion in the coming years.

    • The report suggests that the rapid growth of India’s Internet economy will have a transformative impact on the country’s digital landscape.

8. Will the WHO’s ‘pandemic treaty’ leave out antimicrobial resistance?

Topic: GS3 – Health sector.

Context:

• • • The draft Pandemic Instrument, also known as the “pandemic treaty,” has had all mentions of addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) at risk of removal.

Issue:

• • • Calls have been made by civil society and experts to include AMR in the instrument due to its significant impact on global health.

    • Bacterial diseases have caused past pandemics, and future pandemics may not be solely caused by viruses.

    • AMR is the process by which infections become resistant to medicines, and it is a leading cause of death worldwide.

    • Secondary bacterial infections, such as pneumonia, have been a serious issue during the COVID-19 pandemic and require effective antibiotics.

    • The potential removal of measures to mitigate AMR from the Pandemic Instrument is concerning and could hinder efforts to protect people from future pandemics.

    • AMR measures can be easily included and addressed in the pandemic treaty to safeguard antimicrobial effectiveness.

    • Global political action is needed to collectively mitigate AMR and support the conservation and equitable distribution of antimicrobials.

    • Strengthening measures to safeguard antimicrobials is crucial for pandemic preparedness and protecting nations and communities from future emergencies.

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