13 June 2023 : Indian Express
Indian Express
13-June-2023
The Indian Express, CSE candidates can stay informed about current events and developments in India and around the world.
1. At the G20 event, PM says development is a ‘core issue’ for the Global South
Syllabus – GS II
Recent Context – G20 Development Ministers’ meeting
What is G20?
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The G20, or Group of 20, is an intergovernmental forum that has 19 countries and the European Union.
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This forum addresses major issues such as international financial stability, climate change, and sustainable development at the global level.
What is Global South?
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The term Global South means the countries with low economic and industrial development levels, which are mainly located in the southern part of the world and are located to the South of the industrialized, developed nations.
What can India do?
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Championing the Global South demands more active Indian engagement.
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India can become a bridge between the North and the South by focusing on practical outcomes.
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India has the capabilities to take adequate care of its national interests and play a central role in ensuring peace, prosperity and security around the world.
2. Cyclone approaches: Gujarat evacuates thousands, shuts ports; PM holds meet
Syllabus – GS I
Recent Context – worsening weather ahead of the landfall of Cyclone Biparjoy
Tropical Cyclone
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These violent storms originate over oceans in tropical areas and move to coastal areas.
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It brings large-scale destruction caused by violent winds, heavy rainfall and storm surges.
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The winds blow clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere and anticlockwise in the Northern Hemisphere.
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It varies from location to location. Different names – Cyclones in the Indian Ocean, Typhoons in the Western Pacific, Hurricanes in the Atlantic and South China Sea, and, Willy-willies in Western Australia.
The naming of the Cyclone
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Cyclones that form in every ocean basin worldwide are named by the regional specialized meteorological centres (RSMCs) and Tropical Cyclone Warning Centres (TCWCs).
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There are six RSMCs worldwide, including the India Meteorological Department (IMD) and five TCWCs.
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The IMD is mandated to the naming of cyclones as well as issuing advisories to 13 countries, namely Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Myanmar, Oman, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Iran, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.
Conditions favourable for the formation
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The temperature of the sea surface should be 27 degrees Celsius
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Presence of the Coriolis force;
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Small variations in the vertical wind speed;
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pre-existing weak low-pressure area or low-level-cyclonic circulation
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Upper divergence above the sea level system.
Characteristics
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The energy intensifying the storm comes from the condensation process in the towering cumulonimbus clouds surrounding the storm’s centre
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The storm is further strengthened with a continuous supply of moisture from the sea. The more time they spend over the seas, the stronger they become.
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The moisture supply is cut off on reaching the land, and the storm dissipates. Where a tropical cyclone crosses the coast, that place is called the landfall of the Cyclone.
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The cyclones crossing 20o N latitudes generally re-curve and are more destructive.
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A mature tropical cyclone is characterized by the strong spirally circulating wind around the centre, known as the eye. The diameter of the circulating system ranges between 150 and 250 km. The eye is an area of calm with subsiding air.
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The eye wall is located around the eye, where there is a strong spiralling ascent of air to a greater height reaching the tropopause. The wind reaches maximum velocity in this region, as high as 250 km per hour. Torrential rain occurs here.
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From the eye wall, rain bands may radiate, and trains of cumulus and cumulonimbus clouds may drift into the outer region.
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