15 July 2023 : PIB

PRESS INFORMATION BUREAU

15-July-2023

Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,The PIB ( Press Information Bureau )

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1. Chandrayaan-3 scripts a new chapter in India’s space odyssey: PM

Topic: GS3 – Science and technology.

Context:

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi praised India’s scientists for their unwavering dedication to the launch of Chandrayaan-3.
• In his tweet, the Prime Minister described Chandrayaan-3 as a significant milestone in India’s space exploration journey.
• He expressed that the mission uplifts the aspirations and dreams of every Indian.

About Chandrayaan-3 mission:

• Chandrayaan-3 is the third lunar exploration mission by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It was launched on July 14, 2023, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, India.
• The mission consists of a lander and the Pragyan rover, similar to Chandrayaan-2, but does not have an orbiter. Its propulsion module behaves like a communication relay satellite.
• The main objective of Chandrayaan-3 is to soft land the lander and rover on the lunar surface near the South Pole. The lander will carry a number of scientific instruments to study the lunar surface, including a spectrometer, a camera, and a magnetometer. The rover will be able to roam around the lunar surface and collect samples for analysis.
• The Chandrayaan-3 mission is a follow-up to the Chandrayaan-2 mission, which was launched in 2019. Chandrayaan-2 achieved a number of successes, including the first soft landing of an Indian spacecraft on the lunar surface. However, the mission was not without its challenges. The orbiter of Chandrayaan-2 was unable to reach its intended orbit due to a technical glitch.
• The Chandrayaan-3 mission is a chance for ISRO to redeem itself after the challenges of Chandrayaan-2. The mission is also a significant step forward for India’s space program. Chandrayaan-3 will make India the fourth country to soft land a spacecraft on the lunar surface.
• Here are some of the key features of the Chandrayaan-3 mission:

1. The lander will be equipped with a number of scientific instruments to study the lunar surface, including a spectrometer, a camera, and a magnetometer.
2. The rover will be able to roam around the lunar surface and collect samples for analysis.
3. The mission will be a test of India’s new lunar landing technology.
4. The mission will help India to better understand the lunar surface and its resources.

• The Chandrayaan-3 mission is a significant step forward for India’s space program. If successful, the mission will make India the fourth country to soft land a spacecraft on the lunar surface. The mission will also help India to better understand the lunar surface and its resources.

Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1939456

2. Wholesale Price Index for June, 2023 (provisional) stands at (-) 4.12%.

 Topic: GS3 – Indian economy.

Context:

• The Wholesale Price Index (WPI) for June 2023 in India recorded a provisional annual inflation rate of (-) 4.12% compared to (-) 3.48% in May 2023.
• The decline in the inflation rate in June 2023 can be attributed to a decrease in the prices of mineral oils, food products, basic metals, crude petroleum & natural gas, and textiles.

More information about WPI:

• The WPI is a measure of the average change in wholesale prices of goods over time. It is calculated by the Office of Economic Adviser (Ministry of Commerce & Industry) and is published on a monthly basis.
• The WPI is a key indicator of inflation in India. When the WPI rises, it means that the prices of goods are increasing, which can lead to inflation.
• The WPI is also used to calculate the GDP deflator. The GDP deflator is a measure of the prices of goods and services produced in an economy.
• The WPI is calculated using a base year.The current base year for the WPI is 2011-12. This means that the index value of 100 in 2011-12 represents the average price of goods in that year.
• The WPI is divided into three major groups: primary articles, manufactured products, and fuel and power.
• The primary articles group includes agricultural products, such as food grains, vegetables, and fruits.
• The manufactured products group includes goods produced by industries, such as steel, cement, and textiles.
• The fuel and power group includes petroleum products, coal, and electricity.

The WPI is a useful tool for tracking inflation and for understanding the prices of goods in India. It is also used by businesses and governments to make decisions about pricing, production, and investment.

Here are some of the factors that can affect the WPI:

• The cost of raw materials: The WPI is affected by the cost of raw materials, such as agricultural products and petroleum products.
• The exchange rate: The WPI is also affected by the exchange rate, as imported goods become more expensive when the rupee depreciates.
• Government policies:Government policies, such as tariffs and subsidies, can also affect the WPI.
• Demand and supply: The WPI is also affected by the demand and supply of goods. If demand for a good increases, the price of the good will also increase, which will push up the WPI.

Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1939393

3. FShri Bhupender Yadav leads Mangrove Plantation drive in Chengalpattu , Tamil Nadu as part of the MISHTI scheme

Topic: GS3 – environment conservation initiatives.

Context:

• The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India organized a mangrove plantation program in Kovalam Panchayat, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu.
• The plantation drive was led by Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Shri Bhupender Yadav.
• The program was conducted as part of the Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats and Tangible Incomes (MISHTI) scheme of the Government of India.

About MISHTI scheme:

• MISHTI, which stands for Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats & Tangible Incomes, is a scheme launched by the Government of India in 2023 to conserve and restore mangrove ecosystems in the country. The scheme aims to achieve the following objectives:
  1. Restore and protect mangrove cover across nine states in the country.
  2. Promote sustainable development and livelihoods in coastal areas.
  3. Mitigate the impact of climate change on vulnerable communities.
  4. Share best practices on plantation techniques, management practices, and conservation measures.
  5. Mobilize resources through public-private partnerships.
• The MISHTI scheme is being implemented by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) in collaboration with the state governments.
• The scheme will cover an area of approximately 540 square kilometers of mangroves. The government has allocated a budget of ₹500 crore for the implementation of the scheme.
• The MISHTI scheme is a major initiative to conserve and restore mangrove ecosystems in India. The scheme has the potential to improve the lives of millions of people living in and around mangroves. It will also help to mitigate the impact of climate change on coastal areas.

Here are some of the benefits of mangrove conservation:

• Mangroves protect coastal areas from erosion and flooding.
• Mangroves provide a habitat for a variety of marine life.
• Mangroves help to filter pollutants from the water.
• Mangroves provide a source of food and income for local communities.

Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1939369

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