12 March 2024 : PIB Summary for UPSC

PIB Summary for UPSC

12-March -2024

1. FIRST TRAINING SQUADRON PARTICIPATES IN CUTLASS EXPRESS 24

Topic: GS2 – International Relations Relevant to UPSC as it showcases India’s naval cooperation, joint exercises, and strategic partnerships, emphasizing regional stability and diplomacy.

Context

INS Tir, lead ship of First Training Squadron, participated in Exercise Cutlass Express – 24 at Seychelles, fostering maritime cooperation, joint training, and goodwill with regional navies.

 Additional information on this news:

• INS Tir, lead ship of First Training Squadron (1TS), participated in Exercise Cutlass Express – 24 (CE – 24) at Port Victoria, Seychelles from Feb 26 to Mar 08, 2024.
• The exercise involved 16 friendly foreign countries and focused on Maritime Interdiction Operations, Visit Board Search and Seizure procedures, and Diving operations.
• President of Seychelles inaugurated the exercise with dignitaries from India, USA, and African countries in attendance.
• Indian Navy’s VBSS team demonstrated boarding procedures on Seychelles Coast Guard ship LE Vigilant during the sea phase.
• Joint diving operations were conducted by Indian, US, and Seychelles divers after rigorous training.
• The exercise culminated in a closing ceremony at Seychelles Defence Academy on Mar 08, 2024.
• INS Tir undertook joint EEZ surveillance with Seychelles Coast Guard and engaged in professional exchanges, cross-deck visits, and sports fixtures.
• Philanthropic activities included the donation of provisions and stores for the elderly in Seychelles.
• INS Tir’s deployment highlights the close ties between Indian Navy and regional navies, fostering interoperability and friendship through joint training.

Practice Question:  How does India’s active participation in Exercise Cutlass Express enhance regional maritime security and diplomatic relations? Discuss with key examples. (150 Words /10 marks)

2. Ministry of Women and Child Development is launching a National Curriculum for Early Childhood Care and Education for Children from Three to Six Years and a National Framework for Early Childhood Stimulation for Children from Birth to Three Years

Topic: GS2 – Social Justice – Education Relevant for UPSC as it reflects India’s commitment to early childhood education, aligning with National Education Policy 2020.

Context

The Ministry of Women and Child Development introduces a National Curriculum for Early Childhood Care and Education, focusing on children aged 3 to 6, aiming to enhance holistic development.

Additional information on this news:

• Ministry of Women and Child Development launches National Curriculum for Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) for children aged 3 to 6.
• A National Framework for Early Childhood Stimulation for children from birth to three years is also introduced.
• Aimed at strengthening Early Childhood Care and Education in alignment with National Education Policy 2020.
• Mission Saksham Anganwadi, Poshan 2.0, Palna, and Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana under Mission Shakti support childcare.
• 9 lakh Anganwadi Centres nationwide serve over 8 crore children under six years.
• National Curriculum focuses on holistic child development with competency-based lesson plans and joyful, play-based learning.
• Weekly calendar includes 36 weeks of active learning, 8 weeks of reinforcement, and 4 weeks of initiation.
• National Framework for Early Childhood Stimulation empowers caregivers and Anganwadi Workers for optimal child development.
• 36 month-wise age-based activities provided for children from birth to three years, emphasizing responsive caregiving and early learning.
• NIPCCD leads training on the new Curriculum and Framework, with provisions integrated into the Poshan Tracker for comprehensive monitoring.

Importance of pre-school education for children

Foundation for Future Learning: Pre-school education lays the groundwork for a child’s future academic success, providing essential skills and knowledge. Cognitive Development: It enhances cognitive abilities, including language skills, problem-solving, and critical thinking, fostering overall mental development. Socialization: Pre-school fosters social skills, teaching children to interact, share, and cooperate with peers, preparing them for future social environments. Emotional Development: It contributes to emotional intelligence by helping children understand and express their emotions, promoting a positive self-image. Early Identification of Issues: Educators in pre-school settings can identify and address learning or developmental challenges early, facilitating timely interventions. Readiness for Formal Education: It prepares children for formal schooling by introducing routines, basic concepts, and a structured learning environment. Diversity and Inclusion: Exposure to diverse backgrounds in pre-school promotes cultural awareness, tolerance, and inclusivity. Parental Involvement: Pre-schools encourage parental engagement, creating a collaborative learning environment that supports a child’s overall growth. Long-term Educational Benefits: Children with a strong pre-school foundation tend to exhibit better academic performance and a positive attitude towards learning in subsequent years.

PYQ: The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 remains inadequate in promoting incentive-based system for children’s education without generating awareness about the importance of schooling. Analyse. (UPSC CSE (M) GS-2 2022) (250 Words /15 marks)

Practice Question:  How does the National Curriculum for Early Childhood Care and Education contribute to India’s education goals, considering the context of New Education Policy 2020? (150 Words /10 marks)

3. DRDO successfully conducts Mission Divyastra

Topic: GS3 – Internal Security GS3 – Science & Technology – Indigenization of technologyCritical for UPSC: DRDO’s Agni-5 test with MIRV showcases indigenous missile prowess, relevant for national security and defense awareness.

Context

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully tested the Agni-5 missile with Multiple Independently Targetable Re-Entry Vehicle (MIRV) technology, receiving praise from Prime Minister Modi and Defence Minister Singh.

 Additional information on this news:

• The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted the first flight test of the Agni-5 missile with Multiple Independently Targetable Re-Entry Vehicle (MIRV) technology.
• The test, named Mission Divyastra, took place at Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Island in Odisha, achieving all designed parameters.
• Telemetry and radar stations tracked and monitored multiple re-entry vehicles during the mission.
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi praised the efforts of DRDO scientists, expressing pride in the successful mission via a social media post.
• Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh congratulated the scientists and the entire team, recognizing it as an exceptional success in missile technology.

India’s Missile Development Program

●     Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP): Launched in 1983 by DRDO (Defense Research and Development Organization). Aimed at achieving self-sufficiency in missile technology. ●     Prithvi Missile Series: Developed for the Indian Army. Includes Prithvi-I (short-range) and Prithvi-II (intermediate-range) variants. Capable of carrying nuclear and conventional warheads. ●     Agni Missile Series: Designed for the Indian Strategic Forces Command. Ranges from Agni-I to Agni-V, with varying capabilities. Agni-V, the most advanced, is an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) with a range exceeding 5,000 km. ●     Akash Missile System: Surface-to-air missile system developed for air defence. Can target aircraft up to 30 km away. ●     Nirbhay Cruise Missile: Long-range subsonic cruise missile. Designed for precision strikes against specific targets. ●     BrahMos Missile: Jointly developed with Russia, supersonic cruise missile. Known for its versatility and precision, capable of being launched from various platforms. ●     Successful Tests: India has conducted numerous successful missile tests to validate and improve the capabilities of its missile systems. ●     Strategic Importance:  The missile program enhances India’s defence capabilities, providing a credible deterrence against potential threats. India’s missile program reflects its commitment to technological advancement in defence and strategic capabilities, contributing to national security and regional stability.

PYQ: Consider the following statements: (2023) 1.     Ballistic missiles are jet-propelled at subsonic speeds throughout their flights, while cruise missiles are rocket-powered only in the initial phase of flight. 2.     Agni-V is a medium-range supersonic cruise missile, while BrahMos is a solid-fuelled intercontinental ballistic missile. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? a)     1 only b)     2 only c)      Both 1 and 2 d)     Neither 1 nor 2   Answer: (d)

Practice Question:  Discuss the strategic significance and technological advancements achieved through India’s missile program, highlighting its role in enhancing national security and regional stability. (150 Words /10 marks)

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