30 December 2023 : The Hindu Editorial Notes PDF
The Hindu Editorial
30-December-2023
1. A call for disability inclusion that must be needed.
| Topic: GS2 – Social Justice – Vulnerable Sections. Critical for UPSC as it addresses global health challenges, interdisciplinary approaches, and inclusivity in sustainable development. |
| Context: |
|
Introduction:
- Reflects on the importance of International Day for Persons with Disabilities (December 3) and emphasizes the need for innovative solutions in neuropsychiatry.
Global Neuropsychiatric Disorders Landscape:
- Range across the lifespan from childhood (autism, ADHD, intellectual disability) to adolescence and adulthood (anxiety, depression, addiction, schizophrenia) to old age (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s).
- Significant impact on global population with millions affected, emphasizing the need for effective interventions.
Rehabilitation Challenges and Opportunities:
- WHO reports 2.41 billion individuals needing rehabilitation, contributing to 310 million Years of Living with Disabilities (YLD).
- Rehabilitation often overlooked, considered disability-specific, leading to under-resourcing.
- Awareness needed that disablement can be treated, even reversed, in many cases.
- Call to prioritize rehabilitation as an essential service and encourage multidisciplinary approaches.
Multidisciplinary Approach to Rehabilitation:
- Rehabilitation services must address a wide spectrum of neurological and mental health problems.
- Beyond doctors and nurses, professionals like physical therapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, and caregivers crucial.
- Emphasis on enhancing professional profiles, improving training, and creating opportunities for career development.
Scientific Advances in Neuropsychiatry:
- Non-invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) procedures like rTMS and FMS have proven effectiveness in various conditions.
- Transcranial Electrical Stimulation (TES) shows promise in improving memory, cognition, mood, and behavior.
- Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tA-VNS) gains importance post-COVID-19 era, investigated for depression, migraine, and dysautonomia.
Collaborative Solutions for Inclusion:
- UN’s call for disability inclusion aligns with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
- 80% of people with disabilities reside in developing countries.
- Collaboration between governments, public and private sectors crucial for finding innovative solutions, making the world more accessible and equitable.
Conclusion:
- It is high time to make global commitment to making the world more accessible and equitable for the one billion people with disabilities, especially in developing countries.
| PYQ: The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 remains only a legal document without intense sensitisation of government functionaries and citizens regarding disability. Comment. (UPSC CSE (M) GS-2 2022) (150 words/10 m) |
| Practice Question: Discuss the significance of holistic rehabilitation services in addressing global neuropsychiatric disorders. Propose strategies for implementation. (150 words/10 m) |
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