14 July 2023 : PIB
PRESS INFORMATION BUREAU
14-July-2023
Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,The PIB ( Press Information Bureau )
1. INS SUNAYNA PARTICIPATES IN CMF EX ‘OP SOUTHERN READINESS – 2023’.
Topic: GS2 – Defence cooperation.
Context:
- INS Sunayna participated in Op Southern Readiness 2023 conducted by Combined Maritime Forces (CMF) from 10-12 Jul 23.
- The aim of the visit was to strengthen multilateral ties and enhance cooperation in maritime security and countering piracy.
- Participating navies included USA, Italy, UK, Seychelles Defence Forces & Marine Police, and member nations of EUNAVFOR.
About OP SOUTHERN READINESS – 2023:
- Operation Southern Readiness (OPSR) is a biannual maritime security exercise conducted by the Combined Maritime Forces (CMF). The CMF is a multinational naval partnership that was established in 2001 to promote security and prosperity across international waters.
- OPSR 2023 was held in the Seychelles from July 10-12, 2023. The exercise involved ships and personnel from the United States, Italy, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Spain, and India.
- The main focus of OPSR 2023 was to enhance maritime security in the Indian Ocean Region. The exercise included a variety of activities, such as:
- Counter-piracy operations
- Search and rescue drills
- Visit, board, search, and seizure (VBSS) exercises
- Medical training
- Humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HA/DR) training
- OPSR 2023 was a valuable opportunity for the participating countries to share information and best practices, and to improve their ability to work together to protect maritime security in the Indian Ocean Region.
Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1939210
2. DAC approves proposals for procurement of 26 Rafale Marine aircraft from France to boost Indian Navy’s operational capabilities.
Topic: GS3 – Defence procurement.
Context:
- Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) chaired by Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh approved three proposals.
- Approval was given for the procurement of 26 Rafale Marine aircraft for the Indian Navy from the French Government based on an Inter-Governmental Agreement (IGA).
- The procurement includes associated equipment, weapons, simulator, spares, documentation, crew training, and logistic support.
Significance of Rafael Marine aircraft procurement:
- Defence Acquisition: The procurement of advanced military equipment, such as the Rafale Marine aircraft, is crucial for strengthening the defense capabilities of a country.
- Inter-Governmental Agreement: The procurement of the Rafale Marine aircraft is based on an Inter-Governmental Agreement (IGA) between India and France. This highlights the importance of international cooperation and strategic partnerships in the defense sector.
- Naval Aviation Capabilities: The acquisition of the Rafale Marine aircraft signifies India’s intent to enhance its naval aviation capabilities. It can play a significant role for naval aviation in safeguarding territorial waters, securing sea lines of communication, and supporting naval operations.
- Indigenization and Self-Reliance: The integration of Indian designed equipment and the establishment of a Maintenance, Repair & Operations (MRO) Hub emphasize the government’s focus on indigenization and self-reliance in the defense sector.
- Employment Opportunities and Industrial Growth: The procurement of additional submarines and the involvement of domestic shipyards, such as Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL), highlight the potential for employment generation and industrial growth in the defense sector.
- National Security Considerations: The acquisition of advanced defense equipment like the Rafale Marine aircraft is essential for maintaining national security.
About Defence Acquisition Council (DAC):
The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) is a high-level decision-making body in India responsible for approving defense acquisitions and procurement proposals. It functions under the Ministry of Defence and is chaired by the Raksha Mantri (Defence Minister) of India. The DAC plays a vital role in shaping the country’s defense capabilities and modernizing its armed forces.
- Objective: The primary objective of the DAC is to ensure the modernization and strengthening of India’s defense forces by approving capital acquisitions of defense equipment, systems, and platforms.
- Functions: The DAC is responsible for formulating defense acquisition policies, reviewing and approving defense procurement proposals, and monitoring the progress of ongoing defense acquisition programs. It considers various aspects, such as operational requirements, technology transfer, indigenization, offset obligations, and budgetary implications.
Model question: Discuss the role and significance of the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) in shaping India’s defense procurement and modernization process. Examine the challenges faced by the DAC and suggest measures to enhance transparency and efficiency in defense acquisitions. (250 Words).
Guidelines:
- In your answer, provide a comprehensive analysis of the functions and decision-making authority of the DAC.
- Discuss its role in promoting indigenous manufacturing, technology transfer, and strategic partnerships.
- Highlight the challenges faced by the DAC, such as delays, budgetary constraints, and lack of transparency.
- Provide specific recommendations to improve the transparency and efficiency of defense acquisitions under the DAC’s purview. Support your arguments with relevant examples and case studies.
Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1939178
3. Tele Law : Reaching the Unreached.
Topic: GS2.
Context:
- The Department of Justice’s Tele-Law program, in collaboration with Common Service Centers (CSCs), has revolutionized access to pre-litigation advice.
- Over 46 lakh beneficiaries across the country have been empowered through this program, receiving free legal advice.
- Tele-Law: Reaching the Unreached is an e-interface mechanism that facilitates seeking legal advice and consultation at the pre-litigation stage.
- The program connects individuals in need of legal aid, particularly the needy and marginalized, with Panel Lawyers through video conferencing or telephonic facilities available at Common Service Centers (CSCs) located at the Panchayat level.
Advantages of Tele-Law program:
The Tele-Law program, initiated by the Department of Justice in collaboration with Common Service Centers (CSCs), offers several advantages in improving access to legal aid and advice. Some of the key advantages of the Tele-Law program are:
- Increased Accessibility: The program enables individuals, especially those in remote areas or marginalized communities, to access legal advice easily. By leveraging video conferencing and telephonic facilities at CSCs located at the Panchayat level, Tele-Law bridges the geographical gap and brings legal aid services closer to those in need.
- Cost-effective: The Tele-Law program provides free legal advice to beneficiaries. This significantly reduces the financial burden associated with seeking legal assistance, making it more affordable and accessible to economically disadvantaged individuals.
- Time-saving: By connecting individuals with Panel Lawyers through virtual platforms, Tele-Law eliminates the need for physical travel to legal offices or courts. This saves time and effort for both the beneficiaries and lawyers, enabling quicker resolution of legal queries and concerns.
- Expert Advice: The program connects individuals with qualified and experienced Panel Lawyers. Beneficiaries can seek advice from legal professionals who possess the necessary expertise in their respective fields. This ensures that the legal advice provided is reliable, accurate, and tailored to the specific legal issues at hand.
- Empowerment and Awareness: Through the Tele-Law program, individuals gain a better understanding of their rights and legal options. By receiving guidance from legal professionals, beneficiaries are empowered to make informed decisions and take appropriate actions to address their legal concerns.
- Technology-enabled: The integration of technology, such as video conferencing and the Tele-Law Mobile App, enhances the efficiency and reach of the program. The utilization of digital platforms allows for easy and convenient communication between beneficiaries and Panel Lawyers.
Challenges of tele-Law programme:
- Digital Divide: One of the significant challenges is the existence of a digital divide, particularly in remote and rural areas. Limited access to internet connectivity and lack of technological infrastructure can hinder the effective implementation of the program in these areas.
- Technical Issues: The program relies heavily on video conferencing and telephonic facilities, which are subject to technical glitches and connectivity issues. Poor internet connectivity, network disruptions, and hardware/software problems can impede smooth communication between beneficiaries and Panel Lawyers.
- Awareness and Outreach: Lack of awareness about the Tele-Law program among the target population can be a challenge. Adequate outreach and awareness campaigns are crucial to ensure maximum participation and benefit.
- Quality of Legal Advice: Maintaining the quality and consistency of legal advice provided through the program is essential. Ensuring that Panel Lawyers possess the necessary expertise, stay updated with the latest legal developments, and adhere to ethical and professional standards is crucial to maintain the credibility and effectiveness of the Tele-Law program.
- Privacy and Confidentiality: Addressing concerns related to privacy and confidentiality is crucial when providing legal advice through remote communication channels. Ensuring secure transmission of sensitive and confidential information between beneficiaries and Panel Lawyers is essential to maintain trust and protect the rights and interests of the individuals seeking legal advice.
Model question: Discuss the significance of the Tele-Law program in improving access to justice for marginalized sections of society. Examine the challenges faced by the Tele-Law program in its implementation and suggest measures to overcome them, ensuring effective delivery of legal aid services to the beneficiaries. (250 Words).
Guidelines:
- In your answer, provide a detailed analysis of the significance of the Tele-Law program in enhancing access to justice for marginalized sections of society.
- Discuss how the program addresses the barriers faced by these sections in seeking legal aid.
- Highlight the challenges faced by the program, such as the digital divide, technical issues, awareness gaps, and maintaining quality legal advice.
- Propose measures to overcome these challenges, including improving infrastructure, awareness campaigns, quality control mechanisms, and ensuring privacy and confidentiality.
- Support your arguments with relevant examples and case studies to demonstrate the impact of the Tele-Law program in improving access to justice.
Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1939245
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