22 June 2023 : Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS

22-June-2023

Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,Daily Current affairs of The hIndu and Indian Express.

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1. What is the New Collective Quantified Goal?

Topic: GS3 – climate change.

Context:

• • • The Bonn climate conference in Germany was critical for reviewing and reforming the climate finance architecture in preparation for the COP28 in Dubai.

    • In this light, it is important to analyse climate change financing.

More about the news:

• • • The conference highlighted a funding gap for climate action, exposing the ongoing impasse between developed and developing countries regarding the source and form of climate change funding.

    • The NCQG (New Collective Quantified Goal) is a commitment agreed upon in the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement to establish a new climate financing target before 2025, accounting for the needs and priorities of developing nations.

    • The NCQG is considered the most important climate goal and aims to address the increasing funding requirements for loss and damage caused by climate change.

    • The need for a new finance goal arises from the inadequacy and lack of transparency in meeting the promised $100 billion per year target set in 2009, as well as the absence of clear definitions and sources of climate finance.

    • Developed countries, responsible for higher carbon emissions, are expected to shoulder greater responsibility in climate financing.

    • Existing climate finance is often inaccessible, delayed, and privately sourced, leading to a debt burden for developing countries.

    • Developed countries argue that the NCQG should be a collective goal for all nations and emphasize the importance of mobilizing private-sector investments and loans for climate finance.

    • The Global Stocktake at COP28 will play a crucial role in charting a pathway for climate action.

    • Ahead of 2024, countries must agree on the NCQG, and estimates suggest that a global transition to a low-carbon economy would require annual investments of $4 trillion to $6 trillion.

    • Some propose setting separate targets or sub-goals for focus areas like mitigation, adaptation, and loss and damage, and emphasize the need to scale up concessional financing and halt debt creation.

    • The NCQG should be viewed as a process toward an equitable and people-led transition rather than a fixed goal.

Source: the Hindu, 22 June 2023 – Page 8

2. India climbs eight places to 127 in global gender index: WEF report.

Topic: GS3 – Gender equality.

Context:

• • • India was ranked 127 out of 146 countries in gender parity in the Gender Gap Report 2023 by the World Economic Forum (WEF), marking an improvement of eight places from the previous year.

Global Gender Index And status of India:

• • • The report stated that India had closed 64.3% of the overall gender gap, with economic participation and opportunity achieving only 36.7% parity.

    • India had achieved parity in enrollment across all levels of education.

    • Pakistan was ranked at 142, Bangladesh at 59, China at 107, Nepal at 116, Sri Lanka at 115, and Bhutan at 103 in terms of gender parity.

    • Iceland was ranked as the most gender-equal country for the 14th consecutive year, having closed over 90% of its gender gap.

    • In India, while there was an improvement in parity in wages and income, the representation of women in senior positions and technical roles had slightly decreased.

    • The report highlighted that India had achieved 25.3% parity in political empowerment, with women constituting 15.1% of MPs.

    • India, along with Bolivia and France, was among the 18 countries that achieved over 40% women’s representation in local governance.

    • The improvement in India’s sex ratio at birth by 1.9 percentage points contributed to the overall improvement in gender parity, reaching 92.7% compared to the top scoring countries’ 94.4%.

    • The Southern Asian region, including India, achieved 63.4% gender parity, the second-lowest among the eight regions examined in the report.

Source: the Hindu, 22 June 2023 – Page 12

3. India’s Russian oil purchases scale new record in May.

Topic: GS3 – Energy security.

Context:

• • • India’s imports of Russian oil reached a record high of approximately 1.95 million barrels per day (bpd) in May, surpassing purchases from Iraq and Saudi Arabia, according to tanker data.

More about the news:

• • • As the world’s third-largest oil consumer and importer, India relies on imports for more than 80% of its oil needs. Sanctions imposed on Russia by the West following its invasion of Ukraine have led Indian refiners to increase their purchases of Russian oil.

    • In May, Russian oil accounted for around 40% of India’s crude imports, resulting in reduced imports from Iraq to a three-year low and from Saudi Arabia to their lowest level since September 2021.

    • The cost advantage of Russian oil compared to West Asian crude is a driving factor behind the increased imports.

    • The share of imports from West Asia, which has traditionally been India’s primary source, dropped to an all-time low of approximately 39% in May, down from 44% in April.

Source: the Hindu, 22 June 2023 – Page 18

4. India unable to fill 30% of cybersecurity jobs due to skill gap.

Topic: GS3 – cyber security.

Context:

• • • India has 40,000 job openings for cybersecurity professionals as of May 2023, according to TeamLease Digital.

Cyber security and skill gap in India – Present status:

• • • Despite the high demand, approximately 30% of these vacancies remain unfilled due to a significant shortage of skilled cybersecurity professionals.

    • Businesses are struggling to recruit qualified personnel to meet the increasing demand for cybersecurity expertise.

    • In-demand cybersecurity skill sets include data privacy, cloud security, AI security, and network security.

    • Soft skills such as problem-solving, communication, teamwork, and collaboration are also highly sought after in cybersecurity professionals.

    • The heightened vulnerability to cyber threats in India has necessitated a comprehensive approach to safeguarding digital infrastructure.

    • Enterprises in India experienced over 2,000 attacks per week in Q1 2023, representing an 18% increase compared to the previous year.

    • The healthcare industry has been a prime target, with 7.7% of attacks directed towards it.

Source: the Hindu, 22 June 2023 – Page 18

5. Industry eyes access to Gati Shakti portal to boost capex in connectivity.

Topic: GS3 – Infrastructure development.

Context:

• • • The industry is optimistic that the Indian government will grant access to the PM Gati Shakti portal, which was developed to plan multi-modal infrastructure projects, thus facilitating increased private capital investments.

What’s in the news?

• • • The PM Gati Shakti platform, launched in October 2021, aims to promote an integrated and coordinated approach to infrastructure connectivity projects by bringing together 16 ministries, including Railways and Roadways.

    • Currently, access to the portal’s data, including detailed maps of existing and upcoming projects, is restricted to Central and State government agencies.

    • The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) president, R. Dinesh, has expressed the industry’s desire for some access to the portal’s information, which would aid logistics firms in planning operations and enable fresh capital spending across related sectors.

    • The industry suggests that sensitive data can be blocked, while the rest should be made available to the private sector, attracting more capital expenditure and external funding.

    • The CII president believes that the idea has been positively received by the government, and hopes that access to the portal’s data will be granted soon without significant opposition.

Source: the Hindu, 22 June 2023 – Page 18

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