21 June 2023 : PIB
PRESS INFORMATION BUREAU
21-June-2023
Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,The PIB ( Press Information Bureau )
1. Ministry of Culture to celebrate the International Day of Yoga on 21st June 2023.
Topic: GS1 – Art and culture
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The Ministry of Culture will be celebrating the International Day of Yoga on 21st June 2023.
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Cultural events and programs will be conducted by all organizations of the Ministry of Culture in their respective headquarters.
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The Ministry of Culture aims to make International Day of Yoga a grand success and showcase India’s unity globally for the cause of ‘Public Health’ and commitment to Universal Health Coverage and Sustainable Development Goal of Good Health and well-being.
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About International Day of Yoga:
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The International Day of Yoga is celebrated annually on 21st June. It was declared by the United Nations General Assembly in 2014, following a proposal by Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi.
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The day aims to raise awareness about the many benefits of practicing yoga and promote its holistic approach to physical and mental well-being.
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Yoga is an ancient practice that originated in India and has gained worldwide popularity.
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Yoga is known to improve flexibility, strength, balance, and overall fitness, as well as reduce stress and enhance mental clarity and relaxation.
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The day serves as a platform to highlight the importance of yoga in maintaining a healthy lifestyle and achieving inner peace.
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It also emphasizes the role of yoga in promoting unity, peace, and harmony among individuals and communities.
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The International Day of Yoga has gained significant global recognition and participation since its inception. It serves as a reminder of the profound impact that yoga can have on individuals and societies, fostering a sense of well-being and promoting a balanced and sustainable lifestyle.
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Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1933673
2. Omicron-specific mRNA-based Booster vaccine developed using the indigenous platform technology
Topic: GS3 – Science and technology.
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The Department of Biotechnology (DBT) has announced that an Omicron-specific mRNA-based Booster vaccine developed by Gennova Biopharmaceuticals Ltd. has received Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) from the Drug Control General of India (DCGI).
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The vaccine was developed using indigenous platform technology supported under the Mission COVID Suraksha, implemented by Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC).
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More About mRNA vaccine:
mRNA vaccines are a type of vaccine that uses a small piece of genetic material called messenger RNA (mRNA) to instruct cells in the body to produce a protein that triggers an immune response. This immune response helps protect against specific diseases.
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mRNA: Messenger RNA is a molecule that carries genetic instructions from DNA to the protein-making machinery in cells. In the case of mRNA vaccines, the mRNA carries instructions to produce a specific protein from a virus or pathogen.
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Protein production: When the mRNA from the vaccine enters cells, it provides instructions for the cells to produce a viral protein or a fragment of it. This protein is harmless on its own and cannot cause the disease.
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Immune response: The produced protein from the mRNA vaccine triggers an immune response in the body. The immune system recognizes the protein as foreign and mounts a response by producing antibodies and activating immune cells.
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mRNA vaccine vs DNA vaccine:
mRNA vaccines and DNA vaccines are both types of genetic vaccines that work by introducing genetic material into the body to trigger an immune response. However, there are some key differences between the two:
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Genetic Material: mRNA vaccines use messenger RNA as the genetic material, while DNA vaccines use DNA.
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Location of Action: mRNA vaccines act within the cytoplasm of the cells, while DNA vaccines work within the nucleus of the cells.
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Delivery: mRNA vaccines are delivered as single-stranded RNA molecules, while DNA vaccines are delivered as double-stranded DNA molecules.
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Protein Production: mRNA vaccines instruct cells to produce viral proteins in the cytoplasm, while DNA vaccines rely on the cell’s own machinery to transcribe the DNA into RNA and then produce the proteins.
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Stability: mRNA is less stable than DNA and requires specific storage conditions, including ultra-cold temperatures for some formulations. DNA is more stable and can be stored at regular refrigeration temperatures.
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Manufacturing: mRNA vaccines are relatively easier and faster to manufacture compared to DNA vaccines.
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Integration into Genome: DNA vaccines can potentially integrate into the host cell’s genome, although the likelihood is low. mRNA vaccines do not integrate into the genome and are transient in nature.
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About BIRAC:
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BIRAC is a not-for-profit Public Sector Enterprise in India – established by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India.
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Its main focus is on strategic research and innovation in biotechnology.
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BIRAC also aims to address nationally relevant product development needs in the biotech sector.
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The organization plays a crucial role in promoting and enabling biotech entrepreneurship in India.
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Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1933586
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