1 Nov 2023 : PIB
PRESS INFORMATION BUREAU
1-November -2023
1. All states’ integration was assigned to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel except Jammu and Kashmir – Vice President
Topic: GS2 – Indian polity
Context:
- Vice President Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar paid tribute to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel on his birth anniversary and acknowledged his significant role in successfully integrating all states into India, except for Jammu and Kashmir.
- He highlighted the challenges faced with regard to Article 370 and expressed his happiness that it is no longer a part of the Indian constitution.
States integration:
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s role in the integration of princely states into the Indian Union was a complex and critical task. Here is a detailed breakdown of his efforts with key princely states:
- Hyderabad: Hyderabad, ruled by the Nizam, posed a significant challenge. Patel initiated “Operation Polo” in 1948, deploying the Indian Army to integrate Hyderabad. The Nizam eventually acceded to India, leading to the integration of Hyderabad.
- Junagadh: Junagadh, a small state in Gujarat, initially acceded to Pakistan due to its Muslim ruler and Hindu-majority population. Patel’s diplomacy and public opinion pressure led to the eventual integration of Junagadh into India.
- Jodhpur: Jodhpur was one of the first princely states to integrate into India, setting a positive example for others.
- Travancore: Travancore, a princely state in South India, integrated into India after negotiations with Patel.
- Kashmir: Kashmir, under Maharaja Hari Singh, initially hesitated to join India. Patel’s negotiations and the stand of the local population played a crucial role in the eventual accession of Jammu and Kashmir to India.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s Role:
- Visionary Leadership: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was a visionary leader who recognized the importance of a unified India after gaining independence from British colonial rule.
- Diplomacy and Negotiation: Patel used his diplomatic skills and negotiation abilities to persuade the princely states to join the Indian Union voluntarily. He engaged in direct discussions with numerous princely rulers to convince them of the benefits of integration.
- Integration through Instrument of Accession: Patel played a key role in formulating the “Instrument of Accession,” a legal document through which princely states could join India. This provided a legal framework for accession and integration.
- Unifying Diverse Regions: He successfully integrated over 560 princely states into the Indian Union, unifying a diverse array of regions, cultures, and populations into one nation.
Question: Discuss the pivotal role of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel in integrating princely states into the Indian Union, highlighting specific challenges and key achievements.
Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1973378
2. Combined Index of Eight Core Industries increases by 8.1% (provisional) in September 2023 over September 2022
Topic: GS3 – Indian economy
Context:
- The Index of Eight Core Industries (ICI) increased by 8.1% in September 2023 compared to September 2022.
- The ICI measures the combined and individual performance of eight core industries: Cement, Coal, Crude Oil, Electricity, Fertilizers, Natural Gas, Refinery Products, and Steel.
- These industries collectively contribute 40.27% to the Index of Industrial Production (IIP).
Index of Industrial Production (IIP):
- IIP is a monthly indexthat measures the short-term changes in the volume of production of a basket of industrial products during a given period with respect to that in a chosen base period.
- It is compiled and publishedby the Central Statistical Organisation (CSO).
- The base year of the current IIP series is 2011-12.
- IIP is a composite indicator that includes three broad sectors:mining, manufacturing, and electricity.
- It also includes three use-based sectors:basic goods, capital goods, and intermediate goods.
- The eight core industries – coal, crude oil,natural gas, refinery products, steel, cement, and electricity – comprise nearly 40.27% of the weight of items included in the IIP.
- IIP is a short-term indicator of industrial growth and is widely used by policymakers,businesses, and investors to gauge the health of the Indian economy.
Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1973396
3. International Solar Alliance’s Global Solar Facility set to receive a capital contribution of $35 million dollars.
Topic: GS3 – clean energy
Context:
- The International Solar Alliance (ISA) has announced that the Global Solar Facility (GSF) will receive a capital contribution of $35 million.
- GSF aims to stimulate investments in solar power projects, focusing on off-grid solar, rooftop solar, and productive use solar projects, particularly in underserved areas.
- The Government of India is considering a $25 million investment in GSF, and the ISA will provide $10 million.
International Solar Alliance:
- The International Solar Alliance (ISA) is an intergovernmental organization formed to promote solar energy use and reduce reliance on fossil fuels.
- It was launched during the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP21) in Paris, and the framework agreement came into force in 2018.
- ISA aims to provide a platform for cooperation among solar-rich countries, particularly those between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, however its membership has gradually been opened to countries outside this region as well.
- The primary goal of ISA is to promote solar energy projects, capacity building, and technological advancements in solar energy.
- It focuses on reducing the cost of solar technology, mobilizing investments, and promoting solar energy as a viable and sustainable energy source.
- GSF (Global Solar Facility) is a part of ISA, designed to attract private capital to off-grid and other solar projects, aiming to mitigate risks and provide technical assistance.
- ISA has garnered support from various countries, organizations, and philanthropies to further its mission of expanding solar energy use and addressing energy poverty.
Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1973514
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