9 March 2024 : PIB Summary for UPSC

PIB Summary for UPSC

9-March -2024

1. India receives ‘Measles and Rubella Champion’ Award for Exemplary Efforts in Measles and Rubella Disease Prevention

Topic: GS2 – Social Justice – Health Receiving the Measles and Rubella Champion Award showcases India’s global recognition for exemplary public health efforts, relevant for UPSC aspirants.

Context

India receives Measles and Rubella Champion Award in Washington D.C. for outstanding efforts in combatting the diseases, showcasing leadership, innovation, and progress in public health initiatives.

 Additional information on this news:

• India has been honored with the Measles and Rubella Champion Award by The Measles and Rubella Partnership at the American Red Cross Headquarters in Washington D.C., USA on March 6th, 2024.
• Ambassador Sripriya Ranganathan received the award on behalf of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, in recognition of the country’s efforts to combat Measles and Rubella.
• The Measles and Rubella Partnership includes organizations like the American Red Cross, BMGF, GAVI, US CDC, UNF, UNICEF, and WHO, dedicated to reducing global measles deaths and preventing rubella illness.
• India’s commitment to public health and leadership in curbing the spread of these diseases among children is celebrated.
• India utilizes ‘measles as a tracer’ to strengthen routine immunization under the Universal Immunization Programme, demonstrating remarkable progress despite challenges.
• Proactive MR vaccination campaigns, innovative strategies, robust surveillance systems, and public-awareness initiatives contribute to India’s success.
• The award acknowledges the dedication of frontline health workers, healthcare professionals, policymakers, and communities, resulting in districts not witnessing measles and rubella cases over the past 12 months.
• Measles and Rubella are vaccine-preventable diseases, and the MR Vaccine has been part of India’s Universal Immunization Programme since 2017.
• The Government of India is actively working towards eliminating measles and rubella from the country.

PYQ: Consider the following statements: (2021) 1.    Adenoviruses have single-stranded DNA genomes whereas retroviruses have double-stranded DNA genomes. 2.    Common cold is sometimes caused by an adenovirus whereas AIDS is caused by a retrovirus. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Ans: (b)

2. Union Tribal Affairs Minister recounts the 10-year Achievements of the Ministry and how the ‘Whole-of-Government Approach’ is bringing holistic development of the Tribal Community.

Topic: GS2 – Social Justice – Vulnerable Sections – Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections Crucial for UPSC aspirants, this highlights government initiatives and achievements in tribal welfare, aligning with social development policies.

Context

Union Minister Arjun Munda outlines 10-year achievements in tribal welfare, emphasizing a comprehensive approach. Significant budget increases, educational advancements, and strategic partnerships for holistic development are highlighted.

 Additional information on this news:

• Union Minister for Tribal Affairs, Shri Arjun Munda, highlights the 10-year achievements of the Ministry, emphasizing a ‘Whole-of-Government Approach’ for Tribal welfare.
• The government, is dedicated to the multi-dimensional development of Tribals while preserving their culture and heritage.
• The budget of the Tribal Affairs Ministry has tripled to over Rs. 12,461 crores in the last decade, with a 5.5 times increase in the Development Action Plan for Scheduled Tribes fund allocation, reaching Rs. 1.17 lakh crores.
• The Eklavya Model Residential School (EMRS) Scheme budget has seen a 21-times jump, reaching Rs. 5,943 crores, benefiting over 1,32,275 tribal students in 402 schools.
• Over 30 lakh Tribal students receive scholarships annually, totaling over Rs. 18,000 crores in the last decade.
• 3958 Van Dhan Vikas Kendras sanctioned, benefiting 11.83 lakh Tribal entrepreneurs, and 87 Minor Forest Products included within Minimum Fair Price.
• Forest Rights Act 2006 land coverage tripled to 181 lakh acres by 2023-24.
• States with Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) population allocated over Rs. 25,000 crores under 5000+ tribal development schemes.
• Partnerships with ISRO, AIIMS Delhi, IIT Delhi, IIM Calcutta, and IISc Bengaluru for tribal development, including a chair for tribal health and tele-medicine at AIIMS-Delhi, semiconductor technology training at IISc Bengaluru, and V-SAT Stations collaboration with ISRO for improved connectivity in tribal areas.
• Initiatives aim for holistic development, leveraging technology and expertise for transformative results in tribal communities.

PYQ: Why are the tribals in India referred to as the Scheduled Tribes? Indicate the major provisions enshrined in the Constitution of India for their upliftment. (200 words/12.5m) (UPSC CSE (M) GS-1 2016)

Practice Question:  In the context of India’s tribal welfare, discuss the transformative initiatives and achievements outlined by Indian government, emphasizing holistic development and strategic partnerships. (150 Words /10 marks)

3. International Women’s Day celebrated underlining the importance of investing in women’s health & education

Topic: GS2 – Social Justice – Vulnerable sections UPSC aspirants must grasp India’s focus on women’s empowerment, health, and entrepreneurship, aligning with national development objectives.

Context

The Department of Science and Technology (DST) celebrates International Women’s Day, focusing on investing in women’s health, education, and empowerment. Sessions address well-being and women-led start-ups.

 Additional information on this news:

• The Department of Science and Technology (DST) celebrates International Women’s Day at Technology Bhavan, New Delhi, focusing on the theme “Invest in Women: Accelerate Progress.”
• Joint Secretary Ms. A. Dhanalakshmi emphasizes the need for an enabling environment for women’s empowerment at home and in the workplace.
• Uma Kumar highlights the importance of investing in women’s physical, mental, and spiritual health, especially in research on autoimmune diseases affecting women’s working capacity.
• Vandana Singh discusses DST’s role in supporting and encouraging women scientists, contributing to the rise of women researchers in the country.
• Discussions addressed challenges in work-life balance and emphasize the potential of women-led start-ups for inclusive economic development and innovation.

Importance of investing in women’s health & education

Economic Empowerment: Investing in women’s health and education leads to greater economic empowerment. Educated women are more likely to secure higher-paying jobs, contributing to their financial independence and reducing poverty. Healthier Communities: Women play a pivotal role in community well-being. Improved women’s health results in healthier families and communities, as educated women are more likely to make informed health choices for themselves and their families. Population Control: Women’s education correlates with lower birth rates, aiding in population control. When women have access to education and healthcare, they often choose to have fewer children, contributing to sustainable population growth. Breaks the Cycle of Poverty: Educated women are better equipped to break the cycle of poverty. They invest in their children’s education and healthcare, creating a positive ripple effect for future generations. Gender Equality: Education and health investments contribute to gender equality by providing women with equal opportunities. This fosters a more inclusive and diverse society where women can actively participate in social, economic, and political spheres. Reduced Maternal and Child Mortality: Access to proper healthcare and education reduces maternal and child mortality rates. Educated women are more likely to seek timely medical care during pregnancy, leading to healthier outcomes for both mother and child. Social Development: Women’s education and health are fundamental to overall social development. Educated women are more likely to engage in community development initiatives, fostering a sense of social responsibility and cooperation. Investing in women’s health and education is not just a matter of equality; it is a strategic investment with far-reaching positive consequences for individuals, families, and societies as a whole.

PYQ: What are the continued challenges for women in India against time and space? (250 words/15m) (UPSC CSE (M) GS-1 2019)

Practice Question:  Critically examine the interlinked relationship between women’s health and education. How can investments in these areas contribute to India’s social and economic development? (250 Words /15 marks)

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