10 August 2023 : The Hindu Editorial Notes PDF
The Hindu Editorial
10-August-2023
Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,The Hindu Editorial Summary
1. Chasing consensus: On Jeddah conference and ending the Ukraine-Russia conflict
Topic: GS2 – International relations.
Context:
- The Jeddah conference on the Russia – Ukraine war involved 42 participating nations and aimed at ending the conflict through global consensus.
What is in the news?
- Russia was not invited to the conference, and the goal was to find a fair and lasting peace.
- China, India, and South Africa participated, demonstrating a more serious effort towards peace.
- The war, ongoing for 18 months, has no military solution and both sides are struggling to achieve their objectives.
- Ukraine’s counteroffensive, supported by Western weapons and training, hasn’t led to major breakthroughs.
- Russia has made advances but still faces challenges in stability, security, and economy.
- Despite drone strikes by Ukraine and Russian bombings, a stalemate persists without pushing towards talks.
- The international community’s involvement could help build an agenda for future talks between Russia and Ukraine.
Importance: Details of the Jeddah conference may not be important from Mains perspective – however the question can be expected in prelims.
2. Stop the fence-sitting in cluster bomb use.
Topic: GS2 – Global security.
Context:
- The United States’ decision to provide cluster munitions to Ukraine has sparked controversy due to their dangerous nature.
What are cluster munitions?
- Cluster munitions are weapons that release multiple explosive submunitions or bomblets into the air upon impact, which can cause widespread casualties and damage, including posing a long-term threat as dormant landmines.
More about the news:
- The Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) was enacted in 2008 to ban the use, production, stockpiling, and transfer of cluster bombs.
- Many countries, including NATO members, have acceded to the CCM, but key nations like the U.S., Russia, China, Israel, and India have not.
- The use of cluster bombs violates customary international law’s principles of discrimination and proportionality.
- The U.S.’s supply of cluster bombs to Ukraine may not violate international law but is deemed irresponsible.
- Universal ban on cluster bombs, with UN member-countries acceding to the CCM, is necessary to eliminate these weapons.
Issues raised against cluster munitions:
- Release multiple explosive submunitions upon impact.
- Submunitions can remain dormant as hazardous landmines.
- Cause extensive civilian casualties and collateral damage.
- Violate international humanitarian law principles of discrimination and proportionality.
- Some countries, including major powers, have not signed the Convention on Cluster Munitions(CCM).
Global efforts required:
- Universal Ratification: Encourage all countries to ratify the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) to create a comprehensive ban on these weapons.
- Diplomatic Pressure: Engage non-signatory nations to join the CCM through diplomatic channels, highlighting humanitarian concerns.
- Awareness Campaigns: Raise public awareness about the devastating impact of cluster munitions on civilians, generating public support for their prohibition.
- Advocacy: Mobilize international organizations, NGOs, and civil society to advocate for the eradication of cluster munitions.
- Arms Trade Regulations: Strengthen international arms trade regulations to prevent the transfer of cluster munitions between countries.
- Victim Assistance: Prioritize victim assistance programs, providing medical care, rehabilitation, and support for affected individuals and communities.
- Disarmament Initiatives: Promote disarmament efforts to clear unexploded ordnance and contaminated areas, ensuring safety for civilians.
Question: What are the humanitarian and legal concerns associated with the use and supply of cluster munitions in armed conflicts? (10 Marks)
3. On India’s restrictions on imports of laptops, PCs, tablets and servers
Topic: GS3 – Indian economy.
Context:
- The Commerce and Industry Ministry has notified restrictions on imports of laptops, PCs, tablets, and servers, requiring importers to obtain licenses, citing security concerns and promoting domestic manufacturing.
- The sudden implementation of these restrictions sparked supply chain disruptions and fears of shortages and price hikes, particularly before the festive season.
Issues with frequent policy changes:
- Uncertainty for Businesses: Frequent policy changes create uncertainty for businesses, making it difficult for them to plan and invest for the long term.
- Impact on Investor Confidence: Rapid policy shifts erode investor confidence, as investors seek stability and predictability to make informed decisions.
- Disruption to Supply Chains: Frequent policy changes can disrupt supply chains, leading to delays, shortages, and increased costs for businesses.
- Loss of Credibility: Frequent changes can damage the government’s credibility and reputation, both domestically and internationally.
- Inefficiency: Constant policy revisions can result in inefficiencies, as resources are diverted to adapt to new policies rather than focusing on productive activities.
- Diminished Economic Growth: Frequent changes can hinder economic growth by creating an environment of uncertainty that deters investments and economic activities.
- Adverse Impact on Innovation: Rapid changes in regulations or incentives can hinder innovation by making it difficult for businesses to invest in research and development.
- Inconsistency and Confusion: Frequent policy changes can lead to inconsistencies in implementation and confusion among stakeholders.
- Increased Bureaucracy: Frequent changes may require additional bureaucratic processes to communicate, implement, and enforce the new policies.
Way forward:
- Clear Communication: Ensure transparent and clear communication of policy intentions, objectives, and anticipated changes to stakeholders well in advance.
- Stakeholder Consultation: Involve relevant stakeholders, including industry experts, businesses, and citizens, in the policy formulation process to ensure diverse perspectives and practical insights.
- Policy Impact Assessment: Conduct thorough assessments of the potential impacts of policy changes on various sectors, stakeholders, and the overall economy before implementation.
- Regulatory Stability: Aim for regulatory stability by avoiding sudden and drastic changes, unless warranted by exceptional circumstances.
- Policy Predictability: Provide predictability by signaling any policy changes well in advance and adhering to timelines for implementation.
- Data-Driven Decision Making: Base policy changes on robust data, research, and analysis to ensure informed decision-making and reduce the likelihood of policy reversals.
- Long-Term Planning: Develop comprehensive, well-thought-out policies that align with long-term development goals rather than short-term considerations.
Question: Discuss the challenges posed by frequent policy changes on a country’s economic and social development. Suggest measures that governments can adopt to ensure policy stability while remaining responsive to evolving circumstances. Illustrate your answer with relevant examples. (20 Marks)
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