25 August 2023 : The Hindu Editorial Notes PDF
The Hindu Editorial
25-August-2023
Daily Current Affairs For UPSC ,The Hindu Editorial Summary
1. India’s G-20 opportunity for an African Renaissance
Topic: GS2 – International relations
Africa’s Growing Presence in Multilateral Fora:
- Africa is asserting its demands on multilateral platforms like BRICS, G-20, and the UN General Assembly.
- Countries like South Africa is the notable representative at BRICS and the G-20.
Challenges and Disruptors:
- Africa, including the Sahel region, faces challenges like mis-governance, unplanned development, tribal dominance, and corruption.
- New disruptors include Islamic terrorism, inter-tribal conflicts, climate change, food inflation, urbanisation, and youth unemployment.
- Past military interventions often worsen the problems, with France, the US, and Russia’s involvement sometimes perpetuating dictatorships for economic interests.
Return of Generals:
- African countries have seen generals regain power due to socio-political disorder.
- Countries like Egypt, Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger have experienced military takeovers.
- Split armed forces in Libya and Sudan contribute to the political instability.
Challenges to Containing Military Rule:
- Traditional methods of delegitimisation and containment by African political elites against military rule are becoming less effective.
- ECOWAS’ threat of military action against Niger’s junta faced opposition from Mali and Burkina Faso, both under military governments.
- Sudan’s warring generals have ignored calls for a ceasefire.
India’s Role and Ties:
- India’s ties with Africa are deep, from Gandhi’s fight against apartheid to UN peacekeeping.
- Bilateral trade reached $98 billion in 2022-23; investments in education, healthcare, technology, and agriculture continue.
- India has invested $12.37 billion in concessional loans, completed 197 projects, and provided 42,000 scholarships since 2015.
- India can leverage its comprehensive profile to aid Africa bilaterally or through multilateral platforms.
India’s Potential Contributions:
- Hosting the G-20 Summit presents India with a historic opportunity.
- India could collaborate with like-minded partners to establish a semi-permanent platform to address Africa’s security and socio-economic issues.
- Combining peacekeeping with socio-political institution building can deliver stability and development.
- India can offer investments, innovative solutions (JAM trinity, DBT, UPI), and an alternative approach to exploitation, fostering a win-win paradigm for India and Africa.
Conclusion:
- The African continent’s challenges are being recognised in international forums.
- India’s strong ties with Africa and its potential contributions create an opportunity to address Africa’s complex issues in partnership with the global community.
2. The real purpose of the medical college.
Topic: GS – Health sector.
Challenges with Medical Colleges and District Hospitals in India:
- Recent cases highlight issues in India’s medical colleges and healthcare system.
- A policy to convert district hospitals to medical colleges and establish AIIMS-like institutions across states prompts the need for evaluating the role of medical colleges in patient care.Â
Dual Role of Medical Colleges:
- Medical colleges serve both educational and medical care purposes.
- They educate and train medical professionals and offer medical care, especially through associated hospitals.
Myths and Realities:
- A myth exists that a medical college in a district can fulfill all healthcare needs, driving real estate growth and false hope.
- Another myth suggests producing more medical professionals can address healthcare access issues.
- However, evidence and experiences reveal a different reality.
Priority for Tertiary Care:
- Approximately 1% of the population annually requires advanced tertiary care.
- District hospitals should cater to specialized tertiary care needs.
- Challenges such as poor infrastructure and lack of specialists hinder this role.
Overload and Patient Flow:
- District hospitals and medical colleges face overload from primary to advanced care patients.
- Many cases treated in medical colleges do not require tertiary specialty care.
- Strengthening secondary-level care can address this issue.
Importance of Secondary-Level Care:
- Failure to strengthen secondary-level care hampers India’s healthcare system.
- Well-functioning secondary-level care can provide effective treatment and win public trust.
- Government contributions to curative care in some states come from secondary-level facilities.
Popular Support vs. People-Centric Policy:
- Establishing medical colleges is popular but may mask inadequate secondary-level care.
- Challenges in establishing new medical colleges include poor infrastructure and priority shifts.
- Prioritizing strong secondary-level care can regulate the commercial private sector.
Conclusion:
- The idea that medical colleges are the ideal solution for healthcare needs must be re-evaluated.
- Strengthening secondary-level curative care is a better policy to improve the healthcare system.
- Such an approach can regulate the commercial private sector and provide effective care to the masses.
Source: https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/the-real-purpose-of-the-medical-college/article67232008.ece
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