6 September 2023 : Indian Express
Indian Express
6-September-2023
The Indian Express, CSE candidates can stay informed about current events and developments in India and around the world.
1) A bridge for the world
Context:
- The G20 summit is all set to take place in New Delhi from 8th September to 10th Under India’s presidency a lot of issues would get highlighted and possible solutions for the same would be discussed.
How India can act as a bridge which would connect to the world?
- The G20 is built on tenets such as collective action and inclusive partnership between developed and emerging economies.
- India at the helm of the intergovernmental forum is truly a watershed moment for finding pragmatic global solutions for the well-being of all.
- As a significant voice of inclusivity, our nation is the bridge that connects the world.
- The Startup 20 Engagement Group will be established under India’s G20 presidency for the first time, recognising the role of startups in driving innovation that responds to a rapidly changing global scenario.
- India has taken a very strategic stance and will host over 200 meetings in 60 cities across 32 different work streams covering the length and breadth of the country.
- This will enable G20 delegates and guests to get a glimpse of India’s rich cultural heritage and will help these cities with infrastructure development, women’s empowerment, fostering a startup ecosystem, promoting trade and investment, and fuelling tourism.
- There is no doubt that the ongoing discussions and outcomes during this period will become global markers to measure progress in critical priority areas under a clear framework.
How India can help with digital infrastructure?
- India, with its various initiatives, has unlocked the potential to overcome the imbalance between different cohorts of the population and enable inclusive growth.
- The Unified Payments Interface (UPI), which has witnessed a 58 per cent year-on year volume growth this year, is an excellent example of India’s digital infrastructural success.
- The emphasis on the nation’s experience in digital public infrastructure in unlocking inclusive growth can be positioned as a global solution for other emerging economies.
Role of Financial institutions in India’s digital growth:
- The impact of digital initiatives has been profound, and these initiatives have enabled citizen engagement, providing convenient digital services across the nation.
- As seen during the pandemic, digital pathways have enabled a smooth provision of essential services, driven economic growth, and fostered a more inclusive digital economy.
- Suitable models of governance and regulation are needed to ensure that everyone can reap the benefits of a data driven economy.
- The recently released Digital Personal Data Protection Bill is a case in point.
Reforms in Multilateral financial institutions:
- Multilateral financial institutions should be reformed to ensure that finance is accessible to those in need.
- The G20 nations are looking to enhance the agility of multilateral development banks (MDBs) for tackling 21st-century challenges and ensuring prompt resolution of debt and debt-related matters.
- Another critical step will be to establish a global regulatory framework for crypto assets beyond central bank jurisdiction.
How can India help in tackling the problem of climate change?
- Climate change is causing natural disasters on a gigantic scale.
- This has disrupted human life and the biodiversity of our planet.
- It is now time for India to lead the world on sustainability.
- Our traditional ways of living in balance with the environment have much to teach the modern world.
- The priority must be to focus on building cities for tomorrow, climate-resilient infrastructure, new methods of growing food and new economic systems that balance growth and sustainability.
Maintaining Sustainable Growth:
- A technology-first and sustainability ready digital infrastructure that helps manage ecosystems, energy needs, waste and water resources is the way forward.
- India can use its strengths in technology and an intrinsic understanding of digital innovation and circularity to show what a sustainability-first economy really looks like.
- Artificial intelligence and different tenets of sustainability can both be harnessed for a greener and yet more prosperous India.
- Enabling ease of doing business and addressing decriminalisation will be key. Moreover, in the era of Industry 4.0, technologies such as blockchain, IoT, analytics and cloud digitalization of trade will be an important paradigm shift.
- They will be instrumental in providing a strong impetus via increased transparency and trade facilitation.
India’s ambition to be net zero:
- India has always excelled in frugal innovation, and our vast pool of skilled resources has the potential to address the market of low carbon manufacturing which needs to be upscaled.
- Top Indian companies have already started looking deeply at net zero targets in the context of India’s ambition to be net zero by 2070.
- At the same time, India’s vast MSME sector, in which the country’s vast population works, needs support.
- We must be cognizant of the fact that creating a low-carbon economy needs people and skills.
- Also mandating climate legislation can impact livelihoods at scale.
The G20 EMPOWER Platform:
- The G20 EMPOWER Digital Inclusion Platform, which is available in 120 languages and open to young girls and women across G20 nations, is a positive step for enabling gender equality and women empowerment.
- It would help them to grow in the new technology-driven global order.
Way Forward:
- India’s G20 Presidency aims to strive for just and equitable growth for all in the world, navigating through turbulent times, in a sustainable, holistic, responsible, and inclusive manner.
- The challenge ahead is to adopt a unique approach of living in harmony with the surrounding ecosystem and foster the true spirit of “vasudhaiva kutumbakam” (One earth, one family, one future).
2) A TEACHER’S DAY
Context:
- About two years ago, when schools and colleges began to reopen after the Covid-enforced shutdown, reports and surveys underlined that the country was staring at a learning crisis.
- It was evident that digital teaching had been a poor substitute for the physical classroom.
Addressing the learning gaps:
- Educationists and teachers pointed out that addressing learning gaps which was an area of concern even before the pandemic would require a radical re-imagination of the classroom.
- This calls for removing the myriad hurdles — social, cultural, administrative, bureaucratic that have, for long, limited teachers’ capacity to nurture talent.
- In a very significant way, however, the country was well-placed to turn crisis into opportunity through the new National Education Policy.
National Education Policy:
- The new National Education Policy (NEP) announced about three years ago, in July 2020 had proposed a range of measures to make learning “more experiential, holistic, discovery-oriented and enjoyable”.
- The policy affirmed the pivotal role of the teachers in driving reforms and recommended measures to upskill educators in a rapidly changing world, where students are exposed to increasing and diverse sources of information outside formal learning avenues like YouTube videos, for instance.
Was NEP effective?
- NEP came into effect last year.
- A year is too short a period to assess any policy. Yet, the day after another Teacher’s Day, educational administrators must pause and reflect whether they have appreciated the policy’s vision in adequate measure.
- We should find out whether the recent curriculum changes in school and college curricula been true to the NEP’s aim of “developing critical minds” Or does the institutional autonomy promised by it still appear distant?
Importance of Education in today’s world:
- Today, more than ever before, diverse sections of people see education as a means to social mobility.
- This is attested by the increase in enrollment figures across educational levels in the past 10 years.
- This welcome development places responsibilities on agents across the educational spectrum — the policymaker, the administrator, the pedagogue.
Major problems which are in news lately:
- A first or second-generation learner possibly from a Dalit or minority community should have no reason for fear in the country’s classrooms, campuses, laboratories, dormitories, and playgrounds but this isn’t the case.
- A variety of disquieting incidents are proof that institutions and those who run them have not given adequate importance to this imperative.
- More than 120 suicide deaths in India’s higher education institutions between 2014 and 2021 including 68 students from reserved categories speak of the unbearable stresses of the educational system.
- And these figures do not include those who take their lives unable to take the pressures of the coaching institutes that train students for engineering and medical courses including at Kota in Rajasthan where suicide deaths this year are at an eight-year high.
- The critical role of these spaces in shaping the future means that the brutish behaviour displayed by teachers recently in Muzaffarnagar and Kathua call for introspection.
Way Forward:
- Mindsets must be changed if top-down approaches to teaching have to give way to engaged and non-hierarchical learning relationships.
- In today’s social media age, insulating classrooms from prejudices and insecurities is not always an easy task.
- We should ensure that another Teacher’s Day should not go by with these questions remaining unanswered.
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