11 January 2024 : The Hindu Editorial Notes PDF
The Hindu Editorial
11-January-2024
1. India and Maldives should see the benefits of closer ties.
| Topic: GS2 – International relations – India and its Neighbourhood UPSC importance: Analyzing the deteriorating India-Maldives ties, understanding regional dynamics, and assessing implications for India’s foreign relations and neighborhood stability. |
| Context: |
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India – Maldives Relations:
Data:
- Strong Historical Ties:Cultural and trade links dating back centuries. India was among the first to recognize Maldives’ independence in 1965.
- Economic Interdependence:India is Maldives’ largest trading partner (18% of total trade) and a major source of imports (food, construction materials, pharmaceuticals). Maldives is a popular tourist destination for Indians.
- Security Cooperation:Close cooperation on maritime security, counter-terrorism, and disaster management. India has provided military assistance and training to Maldives.
- Development Partnership:India has extended substantial development assistance to Maldives, including grants, loans, and technical assistance in areas like infrastructure, education, and healthcare.
Prospects:
- Enhanced Trade and Investment:Potential for increased trade in tourism, healthcare, and education sectors. Indian investments in infrastructure projects can boost Maldives’ economy.
- Strengthened Maritime Security:Collaboration in combating piracy, terrorism, and illegal fishing can ensure regional stability.
- Knowledge Sharing and Capacity Building:India’s expertise in various fields can benefit Maldives’ development goals.
- Cultural Exchange:Continued cultural exchange programs can foster deeper understanding and friendship between the two nations.
Challenges:
- Political Instability in Maldives:Frequent changes in government can impact the consistency of bilateral relations.
- Economic Disparity:Maldives’ dependence on tourism makes it vulnerable to external shocks. Indian investments should be mindful of environmental and social sustainability.
- Security Threats:Maldives’ strategic location makes it susceptible to non-traditional security threats like piracy and terrorism. Continued cooperation is crucial.
- Perception of Asymmetry:Balancing Maldives’ concerns about maintaining its sovereignty with India’s security interests remains an ongoing challenge.
Way Forward:
- High-Level Engagement:Regular visits and dialogues between leaders can strengthen ties and address concerns.
- Focus on Mutual Benefits: Collaboration should be based on equality and respect for each other’s interests.
- Capacity Building and Knowledge Sharing:India can assist Maldives in developing its own expertise and resources.
- Multilateral Cooperation:Working together on regional and international issues can benefit both nations.
- People-to-People Exchange:Promoting cultural and educational exchange can build bridges between the people of both countries.
By proactively addressing challenges and nurturing shared interests, India and Maldives can continue to build a strong and mutually beneficial relationship in the years to come.
| PYQ: Discuss the political developments in Maldives in the last two years. Should they be of any cause of concern to India? (200 words/10m) (UPSC CSE (M) GS-2 2013) |
| Practice Question: Analyze the strategic importance of the Maldives for India and evaluate the challenges posed by China’s increasing presence in the bilateral relationship. (150 words/10 m) |
2. A manifesto for justice that has sprung from crises
| Topic: GS2 – Governance – Role of NGOs and civil society The article highlights grassroots solutions for India’s crises, offering insights into economic, political, and environmental issues, relevant for UPSC aspirants. |
| Context: |
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People’s Manifesto for a Just, Equitable, and Sustainable India:
- Released by 85 movements and civil society organizations under Vikalp Sangam, focusing on solutions to India’s crises.
- Economic Reforms: Urges priority attention to small manufacturing, crafts, and sustainable agriculture. Calls for extending National Rural Employment Guarantee Act to urban areas.
- Macro-economic Policies: Demands curbs on the black economy, wealth taxation, reduction in salary inequalities, basic income, and pension for all workers.
- Political Reforms: Seeks decentralization, devolution of powers to local assemblies, comprehensive laws for accountability, and the repeal of misused laws like UAPA and NSA.
- Social Inclusion: Advocates for dialogue forums, prioritizing marginalized sections, and allocating 6% of GDP for culturally rooted education.
- Environmental Focus: Recommends a national land and water policy, organic farming by 2040, reduction in toxic products, decentralization of water and energy management, and phasing out fossil fuels.
- Climate Crisis: Urges greater priority for climate adaptation, increased allocation for communities affected by climate impacts.
- Governance and Accountability: Calls for reinstating the independence of institutions like the Election Commission and media, addressing inter-faith conflicts, and ensuring accountability in environmental impact assessment processes.
- Youth Empowerment: Recognizes and encourages the role of the youth population in shaping decisions affecting the country.
- Historical Examples: Cites practical examples of successful initiatives promoting economic self-reliance, ecological responsibility, and socio-cultural equality.
- Implementation Challenges: Acknowledges the need for citizens’ pro-active involvement in holding elected representatives accountable and ensuring the implementation of manifesto points.
| PYQ: Can Civil Society and Non-Governmental Organizations present an alternative model of public service delivery to benefit the common citizen? Discuss the challenges of this alternative model. (250 words/15m) (UPSC CSE (M) GS-2 2021) |
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