31 July 2023 : Daily Answer Writing
Mains Answer Writing
One of the key components of these exams is the written test, which consists of a number of essay and comprehension questions. Candidates are expected to write clear and well-structured answers that demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the topics being tested.
31-July-2023
Q. The unplanned Mountbatten plan caused obliquity in arranging the partition details and failed to prevent genocide. Discuss. (150 words)
Solution Introduction
On 5 July 1947, the British parliament passed the Indian independence act based on the Mountbatten Plan, which got royal assent on 18 th June 1947. The act was implemented on 15 th August 1947.
Problems of early withdrawal
The perilous speed of partition events under Mountbatten caused anomalies in arranging the trifles of partition and failed to prevent the Punjab and Bengal massacres because
- There are no transitional institutional structures within which the afterpartition-related problems could be tackled.
- Mountbatten had hoped to be the common governor-general of both Pakistan and India, but Jinnah wanted the position for himself in Pakistan, so a chaotic situation prevailed.
- There was a lag in announcing the boundary commission award or
Radcliffe Award; However, the award was ready by 12 August 1947, but Mountbatten decided to make it public after 15 August so the British could escape all responsibility for the disturbance.
The necessity of early withdrawal
- To stop the communal violence: The situation was immensely critical as Md. Ali Jinnah announced 16 August 1946 would be “Direct Action Day” and warned Congress, “We do not want war. If you want war, we accept your offer unhesitatingly. We will either have a divided India or a destroyed India.” Therefore, only a quick transfer of power could forestall the spread of communal violence.
- To prevent the balkanisation of the country: The Indian Independence Act of 1947 provided for the division of India and the creation of two independent dominions of India and Pakistan with the right to secede from the British Commonwealth; this could be very dangerous for India’s unity and integrity.
- The partition was inevitable:
Partition was a “primordial divide”—”a divide that is 75 years young and 5,000 years old”.
For some historians, partition was a logical culmination of a long historical process that was started in the 19th century by Sayyid Ahmed Khan, when the South Asian Muslims began to discover their national identity, which was articulated later in the complex subcontinental politics of the 1940s.
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